Department of Zoology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland.
Droga Męczenników Majdanka, Lublin, Poland.
PLoS One. 2020 Apr 15;15(4):e0231301. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231301. eCollection 2020.
Research results on the impact of railway noise on birds show a variety of bird responses. These behaviours are often different from those exhibited by birds occupying habitats along tarred roads. Knowledge of this subject is still incomplete. We attempted to define the influence of a heavily transited railway line on bird communities at stopover sites near the tracks during the autumn migration period. Birds were counted using the point method at 45 observation points located at three distances (30 m, 280 m, 530 m) from the tracks. At each point we determined the habitat parameters and the intensity of noise. A total of 614 individuals from 29 species were recorded on the study plot. The results of our observations indicate that the railway line does not adversely affect woodland birds during the autumn migration. The results showed that the abundance of birds and the species richness were actually the highest near the railway line. Species foraging on invertebrates preferred the neighbourhood of the tracks. The number of the most common species did not differ widely in relation to distance from the tracks. These data may be helpful in planning and managing the environment in the context of bird conservation, protection from railway noise and collisions with trains.
关于铁路噪声对鸟类影响的研究结果表明，鸟类会表现出多种行为反应。这些行为通常与那些栖息在柏油道路沿线的鸟类不同。目前，人们对这一主题的了解还不完全。我们试图在秋季迁徙期间，在靠近铁轨的中转站，定义一条交通繁忙的铁路线对鸟类群落的影响。在 45 个观测点（距离铁轨 30 米、280 米和 530 米处各 15 个）使用点方法对鸟类进行计数。在每个点上，我们确定了栖息地参数和噪声强度。在研究区域共记录到 614 只来自 29 种鸟类的个体。我们的观察结果表明，在秋季迁徙期间，铁路线不会对林地鸟类产生不利影响。结果表明，鸟类的丰富度和物种丰富度实际上在铁路线附近最高。以无脊椎动物为食的鸟类更喜欢在铁轨附近觅食。最常见物种的数量与距铁轨的距离差异不大。这些数据可能有助于在鸟类保护、铁路噪声防护和与火车碰撞的背景下，规划和管理环境。
