新解法应对老问题:减数分裂交叉控制的分子机制。

New Solutions to Old Problems: Molecular Mechanisms of Meiotic Crossover Control.

机构信息

Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.

Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.

出版信息

Trends Genet. 2020 May;36(5):337-346. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.02.002. Epub 2020 Mar 21.

Abstract

During scientific investigations, the explanation of remarkably interesting phenomena must often await development of new methods or accrual of new observations that in retrospect can lead to lucid answers to the initial problem. A case in point is the control of genetic recombination during meiosis, which leads to crossovers between chromosomes critical for production of healthy offspring. Crossovers must be properly placed along meiotic chromosomes for their accurate segregation. Here, we review observations on two aspects of meiotic crossover control - crossover interference and repression of crossovers near centromeres, both observed more than 85 years ago. Only recently have relatively simple molecular mechanisms for these phenomena become clear through advances in both methods and understanding the molecular basis of meiotic recombination.

摘要

在科学研究中,对于非常有趣的现象的解释往往需要等待新方法的发展或新观察结果的积累,这些结果可以回溯性地为最初的问题提供清晰的答案。一个典型的例子是减数分裂过程中遗传重组的控制,这导致了染色体之间的交叉,对于产生健康的后代至关重要。交叉必须正确地放置在减数分裂染色体上,才能准确地进行分离。在这里,我们回顾了减数分裂交叉控制的两个方面——交叉干扰和着丝粒附近交叉的抑制,这两个方面都是在 85 年前观察到的。直到最近,通过在方法上的进步和对减数分裂重组分子基础的理解,这些现象的相对简单的分子机制才变得清晰。

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