Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
Tunisian Research Laboratory, National Centre of Medicine and Science in Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 13;17(8):2663. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082663.
Handball (Team Handball) is an intermittent and strenuous contact sport, the successful performance of which depends on frequent body contacts, and the ability to make repeated explosive muscular contractions required for jumping, acceleration, sprinting, turning, changing pace, and throwing a ball. Many studies have investigated the effect of resistance training (RT) in handball players, however with conflicting results. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the impact of RT on maximal strength (isometric and isokinetic strength), the power of both lower and upper limbs, and throwing velocity, in handball players.
A comprehensive literature search yielded a pool of 18 studies, which were retained in the systematic review and meta-analysis.
A total of 275 handball players were included. The overall effect size (ES) of RT was 0.996 ([95%CI 0.827-1.165], = 0.0000). At the multivariate meta-regression, the effect of publication year was significant, as well as the effects of country, gender, and level. The impact of RT on isokinetic strength was not significant (ES 0.079 [95%CI -0.060-0.219], = 0.265), whereas the impact of RT on throwing (ES 1.360 [95%CI 0.992-1.728], = 0.000) was significant, as well as the effects of RT on isometric strength (ES 0.398 [95%CI 0.096-0.700], = 0.010), on maximal strength (ES 1.824 [95%CI 1.305-2.343], = 0.000), and on power (ES 0.892 [95%CI 0.656-1.128], = 0.000).
RT has a significant impact in handball players. Handball coaches could design conditioning protocols and programs based on our results. However, due to a number of shortcomings, including the high, statistically significant heterogeneity among studies and the evidence of publication bias, further high-quality investigations are needed.
手球（团体手球）是一项间歇性和剧烈接触的运动，其成功表现取决于频繁的身体接触，以及进行跳跃、加速、冲刺、转身、改变步伐和投掷球所需的重复爆发性肌肉收缩的能力。许多研究已经调查了阻力训练（RT）在手球运动员中的效果，但结果相互矛盾。因此，我们的目的是研究 RT 对手球运动员的最大力量（等长和等速力量）、上下肢力量和投掷速度的影响。
全面的文献检索产生了一组 18 项研究，这些研究被纳入系统评价和荟萃分析。
共有 275 名手球运动员被纳入研究。RT 的总体效应大小（ES）为 0.996（[95%CI 0.827-1.165]， = 0.0000）。在多元荟萃回归中，出版年份的影响是显著的，国家、性别和水平的影响也是显著的。RT 对等速力量的影响不显著（ES 0.079 [95%CI -0.060-0.219]， = 0.265），而 RT 对投掷的影响是显著的（ES 1.360 [95%CI 0.992-1.728]， = 0.000），以及 RT 对等长力量（ES 0.398 [95%CI 0.096-0.700]， = 0.010）、最大力量（ES 1.824 [95%CI 1.305-2.343]， = 0.000）和功率（ES 0.892 [95%CI 0.656-1.128]， = 0.000）的影响也是显著的。
RT 对手球运动员有显著影响。手球教练可以根据我们的结果设计体能训练方案。然而，由于存在一些缺点，包括研究之间高度的、统计学上显著的异质性以及存在发表偏倚的证据，还需要进一步进行高质量的研究。
