Makni Emna, Zghal Firas, Hammami Raouf, Abdelkader Mohamed, Tarwneh Raghad, Elloumi Mohamed
University of Sousse, Research Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Pathophysiology (LR19ES09), Faculty of Medicine of Sousse. Sousse, Tunisia.
Research Laboratory "Education, Motor Skills, Sports and Health (EM2S, LR15JS01)", Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Biol Sport. 2024 Oct;41(4):293-304. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2025.139855. Epub 2024 Jul 8.
The study assessed the effect of six weeks of biweekly upper and lower limbs' weighted-belt resisted sprint training (BRST) and weighted-vest resisted sprint training (VRST), or normal sprint training (NST) on muscle strength, speed, change of direction and handball-throwing velocity in young handball players. Twenty-seven pubertal male handball players aged 14.4 years were randomly assigned into BRST (n = 9), VRST (n = 8), and NST (n = 8) groups. Sprint ability (10-m and 30-m), squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), free-arm countermovement jump (CMJFA), standing long jump (SLJ), Five-jump test (FJT), change of direction and handball-throw velocity were assessed before and after a 6-week training in-season program. Within-group interactions showed that BRST improved all tests' performances (moderate-to-large). VRST improved sprint, SLJ, FJT and handball-throw velocity performances (small-to-large). NST improved only the change of direction performances (moderate). Between-groups comparison revealed that BRST improved all testing performances, except change of direction, compared with NST (large) and improved 30-m sprint, CMJFA, FJT and handball-throw velocity performance compared with VRST (moderate-to-large). In addition, VRST improved 30-m sprint, SJ and handball-throw velocity performances compared with NST (moderate-to-large). Throwing performance changes correlated with changes in sprint time and horizontal and vertical jump abilities (r = 0.40 to r = 0.69; p < 0.01). We conclude that while both resisted sprint training improved players' sprint, jumping and handball-throw performances, substantial improvements were recorded with the BRST compared to VRST and NST. Thus, BRST could be recommended to male U15 handball players as a valuable training method for developing physical fitness and skill performances.
该研究评估了为期六周的双周上肢和下肢负重腰带抗阻冲刺训练（BRST）、负重背心抗阻冲刺训练（VRST）或正常冲刺训练（NST）对年轻手球运动员肌肉力量、速度、变向能力和手球投掷速度的影响。27名年龄为14.4岁的青春期男性手球运动员被随机分为BRST组（n = 9）、VRST组（n = 8）和NST组（n = 8）。在为期6周的赛季内训练计划前后，对运动员的冲刺能力（10米和30米）、深蹲跳（SJ）、反向纵跳（CMJ）、自由手臂反向纵跳（CMJFA）、立定跳远（SLJ）、五步跳测试（FJT）、变向能力和手球投掷速度进行了评估。组内交互作用表明，BRST使所有测试成绩都得到了提高（中等至较大幅度）。VRST提高了冲刺、SLJ、FJT和手球投掷速度成绩（小至较大幅度）。NST仅提高了变向能力成绩（中等幅度）。组间比较显示，与NST相比，BRST提高了除变向能力外的所有测试成绩（大幅度），与VRST相比，提高了30米冲刺、CMJFA、FJT和手球投掷速度成绩（中等至较大幅度）。此外，与NST相比，VRST提高了30米冲刺、SJ和手球投掷速度成绩（中等至较大幅度）。投掷成绩的变化与冲刺时间以及水平和垂直跳跃能力的变化相关（r = 0.40至r = 0.69；p < 0.01）。我们得出结论，虽然两种抗阻冲刺训练都提高了运动员的冲刺、跳跃和手球投掷成绩，但与VRST和NST相比，BRST取得了显著的进步。因此，BRST可作为一种有价值的训练方法推荐给15岁以下男性手球运动员，以发展身体素质和技能表现。
