Institute of Epidemiology, Social Medicine and Health Systems Research, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 14;17(8):2694. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17082694.
In recent years, built environmental characteristics have been linked to childhood overweight, but the results remain inconsistent across studies. The present study examines associations between several built environmental features and body weight status (BMI) z-score among a large sample of preschool children in the city of Hannover, Germany. Walkability (Index), green space availability, and playground availability related to preschool children's home environments were measured using data from OpenStreetMap (OSM). These built environment characteristics were linked to the data from the 2010-2014 school entry examinations in the Hannover city ( = 22,678), and analysed using multilevel linear regression models to examine associations between the built environment features and the BMI z-score of these children (4-8 years old). No significant associations of built environmental factors on children's BMI were detected, but the effect between green space availability and BMI was modified by the parental educational level. In children with lower compared to higher educated parents, a higher spatial availability of greenspace was significantly associated with reduced body weight. Future research should continue to monitor the disparities in diverse built environment features and how these are related to children's health.
近年来，建筑环境特征与儿童超重有关，但研究结果仍不一致。本研究在德国汉诺威市的一个大样本学龄前儿童中，检验了几种建筑环境特征与儿童体重状况（BMI 得分）之间的关联。使用来自 OpenStreetMap（OSM）的数据，对与学龄前儿童家庭环境相关的可步行性（指数）、绿地可用性和游乐场可用性进行了测量。将这些建筑环境特征与汉诺威市 2010-2014 年入学考试的数据联系起来（n=22678），并使用多层线性回归模型分析这些特征与这些儿童（4-8 岁）的 BMI 得分之间的关联。未发现建筑环境因素与儿童 BMI 之间存在显著关联，但绿地可用性与 BMI 之间的关系受到父母教育水平的影响。与受教育程度较高的父母相比，受教育程度较低的儿童的绿地空间可用性与较低的体重显著相关。未来的研究应继续监测不同建筑环境特征的差异，以及这些特征与儿童健康的关系。
