在过去 30 年中，女性和皮肤科医生在顶尖医学毕业生中越来越受欢迎。

A growing trend of females and dermatologists among top medical graduates in 30 years.

机构信息

Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Dapi Rd, 83301, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

出版信息

BMC Med Educ. 2020 Apr 15;20(1):114. doi: 10.1186/s12909-020-02028-1.

DOI:10.1186/s12909-020-02028-1

PMID:32295573

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7161175/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Career outcomes of top medical graduates (TMG) are seldom studied. The Tsungming Tu Foundation (TTF) has awarded the number one graduate from each medical school in Taiwan since 1981. We aimed to study whether TMG differ from all medical graduates (AMG) in gender, specialty, and geographic regions in the last 30 years.

METHODS

Overall, 322 TMG and 40,075 AMG were identified from 1981 to 2017 from TTF and Taiwan healthcare public data, respectively. Subjects were further grouped by their graduation year: 1981-1994, 1995-2001, 2002-2011, and after 2012. Ranges were based on implementation dates of new health care policies.

RESULTS

The percentages of female AMG increased from 10.9% before 1994 to 32.6% after 2012 (linear trend, P < 0.001). Similarly, the percentages of female TMG increased from 23.1% before 1994 to 42.4% after 2012 (linear trend, P = 0.003). In contrast to 2% of AMG, the percentages of TMG who became dermatologists increased from 11% to 20.5% (linear trend, P = 0.024). TMG favored dermatology, ophthalmology, and neurology, and avoided general surgery (P < 0.001). While still higher than AMG, the percentages of TMG working in medical centers dropped significantly from 58% during 1981-1994 to 33.3% during 1995-2001 (P = 0.035). This coincided with the launch of National Health Insurance in 1995. Finally, though more than half of TMG previously worked in Northern Taiwan, they have recently moved to Central Taiwan.

CONCLUSIONS

The percentages of female AMG and TMG reached 32.6% and 42.4%, respectively, after 2012. TMG prefer to choose dermatology, ophthalmology, and neurology, but avoid general surgery. Changes in health policy, reimbursement policy, and medical education may be associated with AMG and TMG career choices.

摘要

背景

顶尖医学毕业生（TMG）的职业发展情况鲜少被研究。自 1981 年起，台湾的中正大学校友总会（TTF）每年都会为台湾各医学院校的第一名毕业生提供奖学金。我们旨在研究过去 30 年来，TMG 在性别、专业和地理区域上是否与所有医学毕业生（AMG）存在差异。

方法

我们从 TTF 和台湾医疗保健公共数据库中分别于 1981 年至 2017 年共确定了 322 名 TMG 和 40075 名 AMG。根据毕业年份，将研究对象进一步分为以下几组：1981-1994 年、1995-2001 年、2002-2011 年和 2012 年后。范围基于新医疗保健政策的实施日期。

结果

1994 年前，女性 AMG 的比例从 10.9%增加到 2012 年后的 32.6%（线性趋势，P<0.001）。同样，1994 年前女性 TMG 的比例从 23.1%增加到 2012 年后的 42.4%（线性趋势，P=0.003）。与 2%的 AMG 相比，选择皮肤科的 TMG 比例从 11%增加到 20.5%（线性趋势，P=0.024）。TMG 更倾向于选择皮肤科、眼科和神经科，而避免选择普通外科（P<0.001）。虽然 TMG 在医学中心工作的比例仍然高于 AMG，但从 1981-1994 年的 58%显著下降到 1995-2001 年的 33.3%（P=0.035）。这与 1995 年国家健康保险的推出相吻合。最后，尽管 TMG 中有一半以上曾在台湾北部工作，但他们最近已迁至台湾中部。