T. Denny Sanford School of Human and Family Development, Arizona State University.
Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Cortland.
Dev Psychol. 2020 Jun;56(6):1157-1169. doi: 10.1037/dev0000930. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
We explored how gender and gender similarity affects friendship dissolution following the transition to middle school. We predicted that both gender and gender similarity (measured by perceived similarity to own-gender and other-gender peers) explain dissolution trends and that less own-gender similarity or more other-gender similarity predicts more friendship dissolution. We considered gender and gender similarity at both the individual and dyad level (reflecting the discrepancy between friends). Participants were 198 students in Grade 6 (42% Latinx, 21% Caucasian, 10% Native American, 8% African American, 2% Asian American, and 17% mixed backgrounds; 77% qualified for free/reduced meals) in reciprocated same- or mixed-gender friendships followed from fall to spring of the academic year. Multilevel multimember logistic regression models, nesting friendships within each participating individual, demonstrated that girl-girl friendships were less likely to dissolve than boy-boy friendships, and mixed-gender friendships did not dissolve more than same-gender friendships. Feeling similar to one's own gender predicted less dissolution, but feeling similar to the other gender did not increase friendship dissolution. There was no support for the hypothesis that feeling similar to both genders (i.e., androgyny) protected against friendship dissolution, nor was there any support for the hypothesis that dyad-level differences in gender similarity would predict dissolution. The discussion focuses on the importance of conducting individual and dyad-level analyses as well as including gender similarity constructs when studying gender differences in friendships and their trajectories over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
我们探讨了性别和性别相似性如何影响中学过渡后的友谊破裂。我们预测，性别和性别相似性（通过感知与同性和异性同伴的相似性来衡量）都可以解释破裂趋势，而且同性相似性较低或异性相似性较高预示着更多的友谊破裂。我们考虑了个体和对偶层面的性别和性别相似性（反映了朋友之间的差异）。参与者是来自同一性别或混合性别的互惠友谊的 198 名 6 年级学生（42%拉丁裔、21%白种人、10%美洲原住民、8%非裔美国人、2%亚裔美国人、17%混合背景；77%符合免费/减价餐标准），从学年的秋季到春季进行了追踪调查。多层次多成员逻辑回归模型，将友谊嵌套在每个参与的个体中，表明女孩之间的友谊比男孩之间的友谊更不容易破裂，混合性别友谊不会比同性友谊更容易破裂。与自己的性别感觉相似预测破裂的可能性较小，但与另一个性别感觉相似并不会增加友谊破裂的可能性。没有证据支持以下假设：与两种性别（即双性化）感觉相似可以防止友谊破裂，也没有证据支持以下假设：性别相似性的对偶水平差异会预测破裂。讨论的重点是进行个体和对偶水平分析以及在研究友谊及其随时间变化的轨迹时纳入性别相似性结构的重要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。
