Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea; Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson St, Denver, CO, 80206, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2020 Oct;66:14-21. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.02.007. Epub 2020 Apr 13.
The prevalence and disease burden of atopic dermatitis (AD) is substantial. AD causes significant impairment in quality of life. It is also associated with mental disorders as well as cardiovascular diseases. Many factors including race, environment, skin barrier dysfunction, immune regulatory abnormalities, and microbiome have been reported to affect the pathophysiology of AD. A variety of cell types including Th2, Th17, Th22, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells contribute to AD. Cytokines from these immune cells cause abnormal epidermal differentiation and skin barrier dysfunction. Moreover, microbial dysbiosis and deficiency of antimicrobial peptides result in Staphylococcus aureus infection. Recently, new drugs have been successfully launched to target polarized immune pathways that lead to moderate-to-severe AD.
特应性皮炎（AD）的患病率和疾病负担很大。AD 会显著降低生活质量。它还与精神障碍以及心血管疾病有关。许多因素，包括种族、环境、皮肤屏障功能障碍、免疫调节异常和微生物组，据报道会影响 AD 的病理生理学。多种细胞类型，包括 Th2、Th17、Th22 和 2 型先天淋巴细胞，有助于 AD 的发生。这些免疫细胞的细胞因子导致异常的表皮分化和皮肤屏障功能障碍。此外，微生物失调和抗菌肽的缺乏导致金黄色葡萄球菌感染。最近，针对导致中重度 AD 的极化免疫途径的新药已成功推出。
