体育运动作为印度比哈尔邦青年生计、社会参与和婚姻健康的变革载体：一项前瞻性队列研究的结果
Sport as a vehicle of change for livelihoods, social participation and marital health for the youth: Findings from a prospective cohort in Bihar, India.
作者信息
Bhan Nandita, Bhadra Kaushik, Rao Namratha, Yore Jennifer, Raj Anita
机构信息
Center on Gender Equity & Health, UC San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
出版信息
EClinicalMedicine. 2020 Mar 4;20:100302. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100302. eCollection 2020 Mar.
BACKGROUND
Adolescent participation in pro-social activities such as sport can promote identity formation, self-efficacy and social support, but its benefits in India remain unassessed. We examined longitudinal effects of adolescent sport participation on economic, social and political engagement, marital health and family planning among young adults in India.
METHODS
We analyzed prospective data from unmarried adolescents ( = 2,322, ages 15-19) who participated in the 2007-8 study (wave 1) and were followed in the study 2015-16 (wave 2), in Bihar, India. Sport participation was assessed in wave 1. Outcomes assessed in wave 2 were economic engagement (vocational training, past year paid employment), social group participation, political participation, marriage (any and prior to 18), and among those married, marital violence [MV] and contraceptive use. We used logistic and multinomial models to assess longitudinal associations between sport and our outcomes, adjusting for age, residence and wealth at baseline and secondary schooling completion at follow-up.
RESULTS
In multivariate models for males, adolescent sport participation was associated with higher odds of vocational training [AOR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.17, 3.15], social program engagement [AOR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.14, 3.15], and a trend effect for political participation [AOR: 1.47, 95% CI: 0.97, 2.24]. Among females, sport in adolescence was associated with lower child marriage [ARRR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.96], and higher vocational training [AOR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.16] and family planning use [AOR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.63]. Crude effects were noted for delayed marriage, paid work and perpetration of marital violence among males.
INTERPRETATION
Evidence from India shows that sport can be an instrument supporting pro-social engagement for boys and girls. Further understanding of the gendered nature of sport and the mechanisms linking sport to agency among youth is needed.
FUNDING
This work was supported by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation (Grant number: 2017-66705).
背景
青少年参与诸如体育运动等亲社会活动可促进身份认同形成、自我效能感和社会支持，但其在印度的益处仍未得到评估。我们研究了青少年参与体育运动对印度年轻人的经济、社会和政治参与、婚姻健康及计划生育的纵向影响。
方法
我们分析了来自印度比哈尔邦未婚青少年（n = 2322，年龄15 - 19岁）的前瞻性数据，这些青少年参与了2007 - 2008年的研究（第1波），并在2015 - 2016年的研究（第2波）中接受跟踪。在第1波中评估了体育运动参与情况。在第2波中评估的结果包括经济参与（职业培训、过去一年的有偿就业）、社会群体参与、政治参与、婚姻（任何婚姻以及18岁之前的婚姻），以及在已婚者中，婚姻暴力[MV]和避孕措施的使用。我们使用逻辑回归和多项模型来评估体育运动与我们的结果之间的纵向关联，并对基线时的年龄、居住地和财富以及随访时的中学教育完成情况进行了调整。
结果
在男性的多变量模型中，青少年参与体育运动与接受职业培训的较高几率相关[AOR：1.92，95% CI：1.17，3.15]、参与社会项目的几率较高[AOR：1.89，95% CI：1.14，3.15]，以及政治参与有趋势性影响[AOR：1.47，95% CI：0.97，2.24]。在女性中，青少年时期参与体育运动与童婚几率较低相关[ARRR = 0.67，95% CI：0.48，0.96]，以及接受职业培训的几率较高[AOR = 1.28，95% CI：1.03，1.16]和使用计划生育措施的几率较高[AOR = 1.31，95% CI：1.05，1.63]。在男性中，观察到了体育运动对延迟婚姻、有偿工作和婚姻暴力实施的粗略影响。
解读
来自印度的证据表明，体育运动可以成为支持男孩和女孩参与亲社会活动的一种手段。需要进一步了解体育运动的性别性质以及将体育运动与青年能动性联系起来的机制。
资助
这项工作得到了大卫与露西尔·帕卡德基金会的支持（资助编号：2017 - 66705）。
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