Laboratory of Gerontology, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1260:159-174. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-42667-5_7.
Research in animals and humans has indicated that polyphenols can delay the age-related decline in learning, memory and neurodegenerative diseases. Among the polyphenols, berry phenolics have extensive beneficial effects because of their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Long-term consumption of grapes results in accumulation of polyphenols in the brain, which modulates cell-signalling pathways and neutralises the redox imbalance in the aging brain. Here we review the in vivo and in vitro evidence for considering grape-derived polyphenolics, the flavonoids- catechins, epicatechin, anthocyanidin, and quercetin, and non-flavonoids-gallic acid and resveratrol, as effective dietary sources to facilitate cognition in adults and lessen the decline in the old and pathogenic states, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, a combined intervention of polyphenols along with regular physical exercise provides cognitive benefits for the aging brain and holds promising venues for preclinical and clinical studies in formulating neuro-nutraceuticals as functional foods for a healthy brain.
动物和人类的研究表明，多酚可以延缓与年龄相关的学习、记忆和神经退行性疾病的下降。在多酚中，由于其抗氧化和抗炎特性，浆果类多酚具有广泛的有益作用。长期食用葡萄会导致多酚在大脑中积累，从而调节细胞信号通路，中和衰老大脑中的氧化还原失衡。在这里，我们回顾了体内和体外的证据，认为葡萄来源的多酚类、类黄酮——儿茶素、表儿茶素、花青素和槲皮素，以及非类黄酮——没食子酸和白藜芦醇，是有效的饮食来源，可以促进成年人的认知能力，并减轻老年人和病态状态（如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病）的下降。此外，多酚与定期体育锻炼相结合的干预措施为衰老大脑提供了认知益处，并为制定神经营养药物作为健康大脑的功能性食品的临床前和临床研究提供了有前途的途径。
