Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD; Per Diem CRNA Benefis Health System, Great Falls, MT.
Nurse Anesthesia Program, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS.
J Perianesth Nurs. 2020 Aug;35(4):347-352. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2020.01.001. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
According to the US Department of Health and Human Services 2016 and 2017 data, an estimated 130 people per day died from opioid-related drug overdoses; 42,249 people died from overdosing on opioids; and 2.1 million people had opioid-use disorder. Health care organizations such as the American Association of Nurse Anesthetists, the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses, the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses, the American Society of Anesthesiologists, the American College of Surgeons, and the American Medical Association have information related to pain management and/or the opioid epidemic on their Web sites. It is imperative for health care providers to be cognizant of, and use low-dose opioid/opioid-free pain management therapies. This article reviews the pain process and outlines low-dose opioid/opioid-free pain management modalities.
根据美国卫生与公众服务部 2016 年和 2017 年的数据，每天约有 130 人死于阿片类药物相关的药物过量；42249 人死于阿片类药物过量；有 210 万人患有阿片类药物使用障碍。美国麻醉护士协会、围手术期注册护士协会、围手术期护士协会、美国麻醉医师协会、美国外科医师学会和美国医学协会等医疗保健组织在其网站上提供与疼痛管理和/或阿片类药物流行相关的信息。医疗保健提供者必须了解并使用低剂量阿片类药物/无阿片类药物的疼痛管理疗法。本文综述了疼痛的发生过程，并概述了低剂量阿片类药物/无阿片类药物的疼痛管理方式。
