Chen Z Y, Zhong J S, Ouyang X Y, Zhou S Y, Xie Y, Lou X Z
Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100101, China.
Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2020 Apr 18;52(2):339-345. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2020.02.023.
To evaluate the gingival thickness and gingival biotype of gingival recession teeth of Chinese population.
A total of 112 non-molar teeth with gingival recession in 34 patients were included. Direct measurement, cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT) measurement and periodontal probe method were used to evaluate gingival thickness and biotype. Gingival thickness was measured at 2 mm apical to the gingival margin. Direct measurement was performed with a caliper of 0.01 mm resolution and anesthesia needles attached to silicone disk stops. Gingival biotype was assessed by sulcus probing, if the periodontal probe was visible through the gingival tissue, the gingival biotype was thin; If not visible, the gingival biotype was thick. The differences of gingival thickness among different gingival biotype, tooth site and gingival recession type were analyzed respectively. Besides, the results of CBCT measurement was analyzed compared with the direct measurement.
The average gingival thickness of non-molar recession teeth was (1.17±0.41) mm. The average gingival thickness of thick and thin biotype group were (1.38±0.4) mm and (0.97±0.30) mm, respectively, with statistically significant difference (P<0.001). The median of gingival thickness was 1.1 mm. Using 1.1 mm as the cut-off value of thick and thin gingival thickness group, the results matched well with the gingival biotype classification results by periodontal probe method (P=1.000). The average gingival thickness of maxillary teeth was significantly thicker than that of the mandibular teeth. They were (1.39±3.44) mm and (1.01±0.31) mm, respectively (P<0.001). The mean gingival thickness of MillerI, II and III degree gingival recession teeth were (1.15±0.34) mm, (0.83±0.17) mm and (1.26±0.56) mm, respectively, without statistically significant difference (P=0.205). The gingival thickness measurement results between CBCT method and direct measurement were without statistically significant difference (P=0.206).
In the non-molar gingival recession teeth, the cut-off value of gingival thickness to classify thick and thin biotype of Chinese population was 1.1 mm. The average gingival thickness of the maxillary teeth was significantly thicker than that of the mandibular teeth. Besides, CBCT measurement was an accuracy method for evaluating facial gingival thickness.
评估中国人群牙龈退缩牙齿的牙龈厚度及牙龈生物型。
纳入34例患者共112颗非磨牙牙龈退缩牙齿。采用直接测量法、锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）测量法及牙周探针法评估牙龈厚度及生物型。在牙龈缘根尖方2mm处测量牙龈厚度。使用分辨率为0.01mm的卡尺并附着硅胶盘式止动器进行直接测量。通过龈沟探诊评估牙龈生物型，若牙周探针可透过牙龈组织看到，则牙龈生物型为薄型；若看不到，则牙龈生物型为厚型。分别分析不同牙龈生物型、牙位及牙龈退缩类型之间牙龈厚度的差异。此外，分析CBCT测量结果与直接测量结果的比较情况。
非磨牙牙龈退缩牙齿的平均牙龈厚度为（1.17±0.41）mm。厚生物型组和薄生物型组的平均牙龈厚度分别为（1.38±0.4）mm和（0.97±0.30）mm，差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。牙龈厚度的中位数为1.1mm。以1.1mm作为厚、薄牙龈厚度组的分界值，结果与牙周探针法牙龈生物型分类结果匹配良好（P=1.000）。上颌牙齿的平均牙龈厚度明显厚于下颌牙齿，分别为（1.39±3.44）mm和（1.01±0.31）mm（P<0.001）。Miller I、II和III度牙龈退缩牙齿的平均牙龈厚度分别为（1.15±0.34）mm、（0.83±0.17）mm和（1.26±0.56）mm，差异无统计学意义（P=0.205）。CBCT法与直接测量法的牙龈厚度测量结果差异无统计学意义（P=0.206）。
在非磨牙牙龈退缩牙齿中，中国人群厚、薄生物型牙龈厚度的分界值为1.1mm。上颌牙齿的平均牙龈厚度明显厚于下颌牙齿。此外，CBCT测量是评估面部牙龈厚度的一种准确方法。
