Sherstneva E V
N. A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064, Moscow, Russia,
Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2020 Mar;28(2):320-325. doi: 10.32687/0869-866X-2020-28-2-320-325.
The article on the basis of analysis of declassified materials of the State Archive of the Russian Federation covers the history of the organization of industrial production of penicillin in the USSR in second half of the 1940s. The analysis of the documents demonstrated that existed huge gap between health needs of the antibiotic and actual quantity of its production by the end of 1945. This raised the question of organizing its large-scale production. The Soviet Government tried to solve the problem in the least expensive way i.e. through using available industrial areas for the development of penicillin production, refusing to buy ready-made penicillin plants abroad, maximal application of resources of international organizations. The problem of mastering advanced technologies of antibiotic production, as well as development of national equipment for penicillin plants was mainly solved through efforts of intelligence service activities. Due to organizational, technological, foreign policy causes, the development of new penicillin plants was delayed for a long time. The amounts of penicillin production by existing enterprises did not cover the needs of health care in the antibiotic.
这篇基于对俄罗斯联邦国家档案馆解密材料分析的文章，涵盖了20世纪40年代后半期苏联青霉素工业生产组织的历史。对文件的分析表明，到1945年底，抗生素的医疗需求与实际产量之间存在巨大差距。这就提出了组织大规模生产的问题。苏联政府试图以成本最低的方式解决该问题，即利用现有的工业场地来发展青霉素生产，拒绝在国外购买现成的青霉素工厂，最大限度地利用国际组织的资源。掌握抗生素生产先进技术以及开发青霉素工厂的国产设备问题，主要是通过情报部门的努力解决的。由于组织、技术和外交政策等原因，新青霉素工厂的建设长期拖延。现有企业的青霉素产量无法满足医疗保健对抗生素的需求。
