Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, China.
Freshwater Fisheries Research Centre, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, China.
J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2020;55(7):827-836. doi: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1744998. Epub 2020 Apr 20.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are typical pollutants and may be alkylated and oxygenated to form alkyl-PAHs and oxygenated-PAHs (oxy-PAHs), respectively. is an important anadromous fish species and displays a high risk of being exposed to PAHs-contaminated areas. In the present study, the effects of acute exposure to 44.29 µg L 9,10-phenanthrenequione (9,10-PQ), retene and phenanthrene (Phe) on liver histology, antioxidant enzymes and immune indices were compared. After exposure to these three compounds, histological sections showed damages of hepatocyte, and the activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferase increased in plasma, indicating direct hepatic toxicity. Hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased, but superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities decreased in response to treatments with Phe, retene and 9,10-PQ. These results revealed peroxidative effects on hepatocytes. In addition, total immunoglobulin content and lysozyme activity in plasma increased in treatments with Phe, retene and 9,10-PQ, which might be resulted from the damaged liver cells and the subsequently hepatic inflammation. Besides, the changes were more severe in treatment with 9,10-PQ than those with Phe and retene, demonstrating higher toxicity of 9,10-PQ than the other two compounds. Overall, the present study posed a high environmental risk of PAH derivatives to aquatic ecosystems.
多环芳烃（PAHs）是典型的污染物，可能会被烷基化和氧化，分别形成烷基-PAHs 和氧代-PAHs（oxy-PAHs）。鲫鱼是一种重要的洄游鱼类，暴露于受多环芳烃污染的地区的风险很高。本研究比较了急性暴露于 9,10-菲醌（9,10-PQ）、屈和菲（Phe）44.29μg/L 对鲫鱼肝脏组织学、抗氧化酶和免疫指标的影响。暴露于这三种化合物后，组织切片显示肝细胞受损，血浆中丙氨酸和天冬氨酸转氨酶活性升高，表明存在直接的肝毒性。肝丙二醛（MDA）含量增加，但超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在 Phe、屈和 9,10-PQ 处理下降低。这些结果表明肝细胞发生了过氧化作用。此外，血浆中总免疫球蛋白含量和溶菌酶活性在 Phe、屈和 9,10-PQ 处理下增加，这可能是由于受损的肝细胞和随后的肝炎症所致。此外，9,10-PQ 处理的变化比 Phe 和屈处理的变化更严重，表明 9,10-PQ 的毒性比其他两种化合物更高。总的来说，本研究表明多环芳烃衍生物对水生生态系统构成了很高的环境风险。
