Saha Subhajit, Saha Shubhajit, Pastorino Paolo, Saha Nimai Chandra
Department of Zoology, West Bengal State University, North 24 Paraganas, Barasat 700126, West Bengal, India.
Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan 713104, West Bengal, India.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Mar 17;14(3):302. doi: 10.3390/biology14030302.
The increasing demand for agricultural products has led to a rise in pesticide use, resulting in the pollution of aquatic habitats and raising significant health concerns for both aquatic life and humans. Difenoconazole, a triazole fungicide, is becoming increasingly popular in agriculture, yet its effects on non-target organisms, such as annelids, are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the toxicological effects of difenoconazole and assess its potential impact on toxicity biomarkers, using as a model organism, to better understand the ecotoxicity of difenoconazole on freshwater annelids. The 96-h LC value of difenoconazole was determined to be 2.68 mg/L. Sublethal concentrations (10% and 20% of the 96-h LC value; 0.268 and 0.536 mg/L, respectively) caused significant changes in the activities of oxidative stress enzymes. A concentration- and time-dependent decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione transferase (GST) was observed compared to control organisms. Additionally, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations increased throughout the exposure period. An Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) assessment was used to characterize and illustrate the impact of difenoconazole on . In conclusion, exposure to this fungicide appears to reduce the survival rate of at acute levels and disrupt its normal behavioral patterns. Moreover, it alters oxidative stress enzyme levels during sublethal exposure. Long-term exposure to the fungicide could potentially have population-level consequences, including a reduction in the number of individuals within a population.
对农产品需求的不断增加导致农药使用量上升，造成了水生生境的污染，并引发了对水生生物和人类健康的重大担忧。苯醚甲环唑是一种三唑类杀菌剂，在农业中越来越受欢迎，但其对非靶标生物（如环节动物）的影响尚未得到充分了解。本研究旨在以[具体环节动物名称]为模式生物，研究苯醚甲环唑的毒理学效应并评估其对毒性生物标志物的潜在影响，以更好地了解苯醚甲环唑对淡水环节动物的生态毒性。苯醚甲环唑的96小时半数致死浓度（LC）被确定为2.68毫克/升。亚致死浓度（96小时LC值的10%和20%；分别为0.268和0.536毫克/升）导致氧化应激酶活性发生显著变化。与对照生物相比，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽转移酶（GST）的活性呈现出浓度和时间依赖性降低。此外，在整个暴露期间丙二醛（MDA）浓度均有所增加。采用综合生物标志物响应（IBR）评估来表征和说明苯醚甲环唑对[具体环节动物名称]的影响。总之，接触这种杀菌剂似乎会在急性水平上降低[具体环节动物名称]的存活率并扰乱其正常行为模式。此外，在亚致死暴露期间它会改变氧化应激酶水平。长期接触该杀菌剂可能会对种群水平产生潜在影响，包括种群内个体数量的减少。
