Dell Medical School, University of Texas in Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
Dell Medical School, University of Texas in Austin, 1501 Red River Street, Austin, TX 78701, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2020 May;104(3):359-373. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.01.001.
Palliative medicine is specialized medical care for people with serious illness. Serious illness is one with high risk of mortality that negatively affects quality of life or function or is burdensome in symptoms, treatments, or caregiver stress. Palliative care improves symptom management and addresses the needs of patients and families, resulting in improved patient and caregiver quality of life and reduced symptom burden and health care utilization. Hospice is palliative care for patients with a prognosis of 6 months or less and is appropriate when goals are to avoid hospitalization and maximize time at home for patients who are dying.
姑息医学是为患有严重疾病的人提供的专业医疗护理。严重疾病是指具有高死亡率风险、严重影响生活质量或功能，或在症状、治疗或 caregiver压力方面负担过重的疾病。姑息治疗可改善症状管理，并满足患者和家属的需求，从而提高患者和 caregiver的生活质量，减轻症状负担，并减少医疗保健的利用。临终关怀是为预计生存期在 6 个月或更短时间的患者提供的姑息治疗，当目标是避免住院和使临终患者尽可能在家中度过更多时间时，临终关怀是合适的选择。
