Akase Mari, Terao Takeshi, Kawano Nobuko, Sakai Akari, Hatano Koji, Shirahama Masanao, Hirakawa Hirofumi, Kohno Kentaro, Ishii Nobuyoshi
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Japan.
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Welfare and Health Sciences, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Apr 3;11:252. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00252. eCollection 2020.
Recently, a 4-week mindfulness-based intervention followed by a 4-week existential approach was found to be as effective for increasing self-compassion as an 8-week mindfulness-based intervention. The purpose of the present study was to identify the factors that predicted change in self-compassion during the 8-week mindfulness-based intervention.
Fifty-seven of the 61 completers of the 8-week mindfulness-based intervention provided baseline, 4-week, and 8-week self-compassion scale scores. The mean age of the 47 females and 10 males was 49.6 years. Pearson's correlation coefficients were generated on the associations between the change of total self-compassion scale scores from baseline to 8 weeks with age; gender; and the baseline scores on the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa and San Diego Auto-questionnaire, Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Mini-Mental State Examination, Japanese Adult Reading Test, Young Mania Rating Scale, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Parental Bonding Instrument, and purpose in life (PIL). Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify the predictors of the change in total self-compassion scale scores.
Novelty seeking (TCI) was significantly and negatively associated with the change in total self-compassion scale scores, whereas the PIL scores were significantly and positively associated with the change in total self-compassion scale scores. Novelty seeking was not significantly associated with baseline, 4-week, or 8-week total self-compassion scale scores, whereas the PIL scores were significantly and positively associated with baseline, 4-week, and 8-week total self-compassion scale scores. The limitation of the present study was a relatively small number of subjects which deterred a more sophisticated analysis of the pathways involved.
The present findings suggest that more PIL and less novelty seeking predict improvements in self-compassion during mindfulness-based interventions, although novelty seeking might substantially predict the improvement but self-compassion scale and PIL might somewhat conceptually overlap.
最近发现，为期4周的正念干预后再进行4周的存在主义方法，在增强自我同情方面与为期8周的正念干预效果相同。本研究的目的是确定在为期8周的正念干预期间预测自我同情变化的因素。
8周正念干预的61名完成者中有57人提供了基线、4周和8周时的自我同情量表分数。47名女性和10名男性的平均年龄为49.6岁。计算了从基线到8周自我同情量表总分变化与年龄、性别以及孟菲斯、比萨和圣地亚哥自动问卷气质评估、气质与性格量表（TCI）、简易精神状态检查表、日本成人阅读测试、青年躁狂评定量表、汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表、父母教养方式问卷和生活目的（PIL）的基线分数之间的皮尔逊相关系数。进行多元回归分析以确定自我同情量表总分变化的预测因素。
寻求新奇（TCI）与自我同情量表总分变化显著负相关，而PIL分数与自我同情量表总分变化显著正相关。寻求新奇与基线、4周或8周时的自我同情量表总分无显著相关性，而PIL分数与基线、4周和8周时的自我同情量表总分显著正相关。本研究的局限性在于受试者数量相对较少，妨碍了对所涉及途径进行更复杂的分析。
目前的研究结果表明更多的生活目的和更少的寻求新奇预测了正念干预期间自我同情的改善，尽管寻求新奇可能在很大程度上预测改善，但自我同情量表和生活目的在概念上可能存在一定重叠。
