Abreu Roberto L, Kenny Maureen C
1Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, College of Education, University of Kentucky, 251 Dickey Hall, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
2Leadership and Professional Studies, College of Arts, Science and Education, Florida International University, Miami, FL USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2017 Jul 24;11(1):81-97. doi: 10.1007/s40653-017-0175-7. eCollection 2018 Mar.
Research has demonstrated that cyberbullying has adverse physical and mental health consequences for youths. Unfortunately, most studies have focused on heterosexual and cisgender individuals. The scant available research on sexual minority and gender expansive youth (i.e., LGBTQ) shows that this group is at a higher risk for cyberbullying when compared to their heterosexual counterparts. However, to date no literature review has comprehensively explored the effects of cyberbullying on LGBTQ youth. A systematic review resulted in 27 empirical studies that explore the effects of cyberbullying on LGBTQ youth. Findings revealed that the percentage of cyberbullying among LGBTQ youth ranges between 10.5% and 71.3% across studies. Common negative effects of cyberbullying of LGBTQ youth include psychological and emotional (suicidal ideation and attempt, depression, lower self-esteem), behavioral (physical aggression, body image, isolation), and academic performance (lower GPAs). Recommendations and interventions for students, schools, and parents are discussed.
研究表明，网络欺凌会对青少年的身心健康产生不利影响。不幸的是，大多数研究都集中在异性恋和顺性别个体上。关于性少数群体和性别认同扩展青年（即 LGBTQ）的现有研究很少，表明与异性恋同龄人相比，该群体遭受网络欺凌的风险更高。然而，迄今为止，尚无文献综述全面探讨网络欺凌对 LGBTQ 青年的影响。一项系统综述得出了 27 项实证研究，这些研究探讨了网络欺凌对 LGBTQ 青年的影响。研究结果显示，在各项研究中，LGBTQ 青年遭受网络欺凌的比例在 10.5% 至 71.3% 之间。网络欺凌对 LGBTQ 青年的常见负面影响包括心理和情绪方面（自杀意念和企图、抑郁、自尊心较低）、行为方面（身体攻击、身体形象、孤立）以及学业成绩方面（平均绩点较低）。文中还讨论了针对学生、学校和家长的建议及干预措施。
