Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611137, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2020 Jul 15;257:112825. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112825. Epub 2020 Apr 19.
Semen Arecae (SA) is one of the most commonly used Traditional Chinese Medicine. Charred Semen Arecae (CSA) is the processed product of SA. Alkaloids are considered as pharmacological mechanisms of SA and CSA on gastrointestinal motility. Recent studies have shown alkaloids decreased quickly after procession. However, the promoting on gastrointestinal motility were not decreased. Is gastrointestinal motility related to alkaloids of CSA? This study explored the effects of SA, CSA, Semen Arecae-Removal (SA-R), and Charred Semen Arecae-Removal (CSA-R) on gastrointestinal motility, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (GIP), Glucagon Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1), gastric juice and bile in rats.
Rats were randomly divided into six groups, including the Control group, SA group, CSA group, SA-R group, CSA-R group, and Positive drug group (Mosapride). Alkaloids of samples were knocked out by using the "target constituent removal" strategy. Gastric residue and intestinal propulsion rate were evaluated in rats. Serum levels of GIP and GLP-1 were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Gastric juice and bile were examined, respectively.
CSA-R and SA-R have been investigated by the Preparative Thin-layer Chromatography (PTLC) method. Intestinal propulsion and gastric residue assessments confirmed the effectiveness of CSA and CSA-R. CSA-R was higher than SA-R in the GLP-1, pepsin activity, the secretion of bile, Bilirubin (BIL), and Cholesterol (CHO). The statistical comparison demonstrated that there is no difference between the CSA group and CSA-R group.
After processing, the promoting gastrointestinal motility might be not related to alkaloids. Maillard reaction could be produced to promote the secretion of GLP-1, bile, and CHO for gastrointestinal motility. Our findings provide a pharmacological reference for the clinical application of SA and CSA in the treatment of digestive diseases.
槟榔（SA）是最常用的中药之一。焦槟榔（CSA）是 SA 的加工产品。生物碱被认为是 SA 和 CSA 对胃肠道动力的药理机制。最近的研究表明，生物碱在加工后迅速减少。然而，促进胃肠道动力的作用并没有减弱。胃肠道动力是否与 CSA 的生物碱有关？本研究探讨了 SA、CSA、去槟榔（SA-R）和去焦槟榔（CSA-R）对大鼠胃肠道动力、胃抑制多肽（GIP）、胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）、胃液和胆汁的影响。
大鼠随机分为六组，包括对照组、SA 组、CSA 组、SA-R 组、CSA-R 组和阳性药物组（莫沙必利）。采用“靶向成分去除”策略去除样品中的生物碱。评估大鼠胃残留率和肠推进率。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定血清 GIP 和 GLP-1 水平。分别检测胃液和胆汁。
采用制备性薄层色谱法（PTLC）对 CSA-R 和 SA-R 进行了研究。肠推进和胃残留评估证实了 CSA 和 CSA-R 的有效性。在 GLP-1、胃蛋白酶活性、胆汁分泌、胆红素（BIL）和胆固醇（CHO）方面，CSA-R 均高于 SA-R。统计比较表明，CSA 组和 CSA-R 组之间没有差异。
加工后，促进胃肠道动力可能与生物碱无关。美拉德反应可能产生，以促进 GLP-1、胆汁和 CHO 的分泌，从而促进胃肠道动力。我们的研究结果为 SA 和 CSA 在治疗消化疾病中的临床应用提供了药理学参考。
