Institute of Virology, Philipps-University Marburg, 35043 Marburg, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Apr 21;21(8):2888. doi: 10.3390/ijms21082888.
Replication of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) strongly relies on various lipid metabolic processes in different steps of the viral life cycle. In general, HCV changes the cells' lipidomic profile by differentially regulating key pathways of lipid synthesis, remodeling, and utilization. In this review, we sum up the latest data mainly from the past five years, emphasizing the role of lipids in HCV RNA replication, assembly, and egress. In detail, we highlight changes in the fatty acid content as well as alterations of the membrane lipid composition during replication vesicle formation. We address the role of lipid droplets as a lipid provider during replication and as an essential hub for HCV assembly. Finally, we depict different ideas of HCV maturation and egress including lipoprotein association and potential secretory routes.
丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 的复制强烈依赖于病毒生命周期不同步骤中的各种脂质代谢过程。一般来说，HCV 通过差异调节脂质合成、重塑和利用的关键途径来改变细胞的脂质组学特征。在这篇综述中，我们主要总结了过去五年的最新数据，强调了脂质在 HCV RNA 复制、组装和出芽中的作用。具体来说，我们强调了复制囊泡形成过程中脂肪酸含量的变化以及膜脂组成的改变。我们讨论了脂滴作为复制过程中脂质的来源以及 HCV 组装的重要中心的作用。最后，我们描述了 HCV 成熟和出芽的不同思路，包括脂蛋白的关联和潜在的分泌途径。
