Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Seafood Processing Research Group, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Food Res Int. 2020 Jun;132:109077. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109077. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Anthocyanins, a kind of phenolic compounds are present in plant kingdom. They exhibit biological activities such as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties as well as imparting colors to various plants. The objective of this review is to provide a systematic evaluation of the evidence and a meta-analysis of published researches on the nano/microencapsulation of anthocyanins. A comprehensive literature search was conducted for articles published in 2016 to 2019 on PubMed, Web of Sciences and Scopus databases. Overall 45 eligible articles (51 cases; some authors studied 2 or more encapsulation methods) with appropriate data were included in the statistical analysis. In the current work, based on the technique and equipment applied for the formulation of micro/nanoencapsulation systems, the anthocyanin-loaded nano/microcarriers were classified into five main classes: (a) spray dried particles (spray-drying); (b) freeze-dried particles (freeze-drying); (c) lipid-based particles (emulsification and liposomal encapsulation); (d) electrospun fibers and electrosprayed particles (electrohydrodynamic encapsulation); and (e) nano/micro-gels (gelation). Based on the results from the meta-analysis, the studied technique for encapsulation of anthocyanins can be ordered as: spray-drying (33.33%), freeze-drying (27.08%), gelation (20.83%), lipid-based particles (14.58%) and electrohydrodynamic processes (4.17%). In addition, carbohydrates such as maltodextrin (19.56%) and gums (15.22%) have been the most frequently used biopolymers for encapsulation of anthocyanins in the selected studies.
花色苷是植物界中存在的一种酚类化合物。它们具有抗炎和抗癌等生物活性，并赋予各种植物颜色。本综述的目的是对花色苷纳米/微米封装的研究证据进行系统评价和荟萃分析。对 2016 年至 2019 年在 PubMed、Web of Sciences 和 Scopus 数据库上发表的文章进行了全面的文献检索。总体上，有 45 篇符合条件的文章（51 例；有些作者研究了 2 种或更多种封装方法），包含适当的数据，纳入了统计分析。在目前的工作中，根据用于微/纳米封装系统配方的技术和设备，负载花色苷的纳米/微载体被分为五类：（a）喷雾干燥颗粒（喷雾干燥）；（b）冷冻干燥颗粒（冷冻干燥）；（c）基于脂质的颗粒（乳化和脂质体包封）；（d）电纺纤维和电喷颗粒（电动包封）；（e）纳米/微凝胶（凝胶化）。根据荟萃分析的结果，花色苷封装的研究技术可以排序为：喷雾干燥（33.33%）、冷冻干燥（27.08%）、凝胶化（20.83%）、基于脂质的颗粒（14.58%）和电动过程（4.17%）。此外，在所选研究中，麦芽糊精（19.56%）和胶（15.22%）等碳水化合物是最常被用于花色苷封装的生物聚合物。
