Boutros Guy Hajj, Landry-Duval Marie-Anne, Garzon Mauricio, Karelis Antony D
Department of Exercise Science, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2020 Nov;74(11):1550-1555. doi: 10.1038/s41430-020-0639-y. Epub 2020 Apr 24.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: In the general population, there is a popular belief that a vegan diet may be associated with a lower exercise performance due to the lack of certain nutrients in vegan individuals. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to examine endurance and muscle strength differences between vegan and omnivore participants.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: We studied 56 healthy young lean physically active women (age: 25.6 ± 4.1 years; body mass index: 22 ± 1.9 kg/m). Participants were classified as vegan (n = 28) or omnivore (n = 28) based on their eating habits. All volunteers followed either a vegan or an omnivore diet for at least 2 years. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO max), a submaximal endurance test (70% of VO max), muscle strength (leg and chest press), and dietary factors were measured.
Both groups were comparable for physical activity levels, body mass index, percent body fat, lean body mass, and muscle strength. However, vegans had a significantly higher estimated VO max (44.5 ± 5.2 vs. 41.6 ± 4.6 ml/kg/min; p = 0.03, respectively) and submaximal endurance time to exhaustion (12.2 ± 5.7 vs. 8.8 ± 3.0 min; p = 0.007, respectively) compared with omnivores.
The results suggest that a vegan diet does not seem to be detrimental to endurance and muscle strength in healthy young lean women. In fact, our study showed that submaximal endurance might be better in vegans compared with omnivores. Therefore, these findings contradict the popular belief of the general population.
背景/目的：在普通人群中，人们普遍认为纯素饮食可能因纯素食者缺乏某些营养素而与运动表现较低有关。因此，本研究的目的是检查纯素食者和杂食者参与者之间的耐力和肌肉力量差异。
受试者/方法：我们研究了56名健康、年轻、体型偏瘦且身体活跃的女性（年龄：25.6±4.1岁；体重指数：22±1.9kg/m²）。根据饮食习惯将参与者分为纯素食者（n = 28）或杂食者（n = 28）。所有志愿者遵循纯素饮食或杂食饮食至少2年。测量人体测量学指标、身体成分、估计最大摄氧量（VO₂max）、次最大耐力测试（VO₂max的70%）、肌肉力量（腿部和胸部推举）以及饮食因素。
两组在身体活动水平、体重指数、体脂百分比、瘦体重和肌肉力量方面具有可比性。然而，与杂食者相比，纯素食者的估计VO₂max显著更高（分别为44.5±5.2 vs. 41.6±4.6ml/kg/min；p = 0.03），次最大耐力至疲劳时间也显著更长（分别为12.2±5.7 vs. 8.8±3.0分钟；p = 0.007）。
结果表明，纯素饮食似乎对健康年轻瘦女性的耐力和肌肉力量无害。事实上，我们的研究表明，与杂食者相比，纯素食者的次最大耐力可能更好。因此，这些发现与普通人群的普遍看法相矛盾。
