Department of Oral Pathology, Baqai Dental College, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Pathology, Islamabad Medical & Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 Apr 1;21(4):1115-1119. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.4.1115.
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic debilitating condition characterized by juxta-epithelial fibrosis. The main etiological agent associated with the high-risk precancerous condition is areca nut use. S100A7 is a member of the largest calcium-binding proteins exclusively found in vertebrates and are associated with the regulation of numerous intracellular and extracellular functions. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of protein S100A7 in salivary samples of individuals with stage I OSF and healthy controls.
This study included 63 participants, 30 of whom had OSF stage I and 33 healthy controls. Nonprobability quota sampling technique was utilized for recruitment of the study participants. A structured baseline questionnaire was used to collect demographic data. Saliva samples were collected by passive droll technique in a sterile container. Salivary levels of S100A7 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For the normality of the data Shapiro Wilk test was performed. Student t-test was commuted to evaluate the expression of S100A7 protein expression between both the study groups.
The mean salivary S100A7 value for stage I OSF group was 0.334 ng/ml, compared to 0.172 ng/ml for healthy controls. Student t-test reported a statistically significant difference, indicating higher levels of S100A7 in stage I OSF group than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). In the individual group analysis, a significant negative correlation was found between salivary S100A7 and duration of areca nut use (r = -0.45, p = 0.009) and gutka chewing (r = -0.20, p = 0.03), while a significant positive correlation was found between salivary S100A7 and mouth opening (r = 0.03, p = 0.04).
Higher levels of S100A7 protein level was seen in stage I OSF group in comparison to the healthy individuals. Results of our study suggest that S100A7 could be used as a surrogate assessment to identify patients at risk of OSF development.
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口腔黏膜下纤维性变（OSF）是一种以黏膜下纤维化为特征的慢性进行性疾病。与这种高风险癌前状态相关的主要病因是槟榔的使用。S100A7 是最大的钙结合蛋白家族的成员之一，仅存在于脊椎动物中，与许多细胞内和细胞外功能的调节有关。本研究旨在探讨 S100A7 蛋白在 I 期 OSF 患者和健康对照者唾液样本中的表达。
本研究纳入了 63 名参与者，其中 30 名为 I 期 OSF 患者，33 名为健康对照者。采用非概率配额抽样技术招募研究参与者。使用结构化基线问卷收集人口统计学数据。通过被动流涎技术在无菌容器中收集唾液样本。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）定量检测 S100A7 蛋白的水平。采用 Shapiro-Wilk 检验评估数据的正态性。采用 Student t 检验比较两组研究对象 S100A7 蛋白表达的差异。
I 期 OSF 组唾液 S100A7 的平均浓度为 0.334ng/ml，而健康对照组为 0.172ng/ml。Student t 检验显示两组间差异具有统计学意义，表明 I 期 OSF 组 S100A7 水平高于健康对照组（p<0.001）。在个体组分析中，发现唾液 S100A7 与咀嚼槟榔时间（r=-0.45，p=0.009）和咀嚼 Gutka 时间（r=-0.20，p=0.03）呈显著负相关，而与张口度（r=0.03，p=0.04）呈显著正相关。
与健康个体相比，I 期 OSF 患者唾液 S100A7 蛋白水平升高。我们的研究结果表明，S100A7 可作为一种替代评估指标，用于识别 OSF 发展风险患者。
