Regan Timothy, Harris Bethany, Van Loon Matthew, Nanavaty Namrata, Schueler Jordan, Engler Solangia, Fields Sherecce A
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
Addict Behav. 2020 Sep;108:106435. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106435. Epub 2020 Apr 8.
There is growing concern regarding problematic smartphone overuse. Practiced mindfulness, the state of being aware of the present moment, may protect against problematic smartphone use by reducing the strength of risk factors.
We hypothesized that trait mindfulness can reduce the impact of risk factors on a) objective smartphone use and b) subjective problematic smartphone use.
Our sample (n = 135, M = 19.15, 68% female) consisted of college students from a large university. Participants completed self-report measures of boredom proneness, impulsivity, technology-related anxiety (nomophobia), trait mindfulness, smartphone use frequency, and problematic use.
Higher mindfulness was significantly associated with lower boredom proneness, impulsivity, and problematic use (F = 12.12, p < .01). Hierarchical regression revealed that the positive relationships between nomophobia, and problematic use decreased as mindfulness levels increased. A similar protective effect was observed for boredom proneness, although the effect dissipated as impulsivity rose. A second regression revealed no significant predictors of weekly smartphone use.
Effects of nomophobia and boredom proneness on problematic smartphone use diminish with increased mindfulness, but impulsivity may interfere with this. Risk and protective factors for 'addiction' appear unrelated to smartphone use frequency. Future research should examine benefits of mindfulness-based interventions in promoting emotional and cognitive self-regulation, focusing on those who use smartphones in dysfunctional ways.
人们对智能手机过度使用问题的担忧日益增加。正念练习，即意识到当下的状态，可能通过降低风险因素的强度来预防智能手机使用问题。
我们假设特质正念可以减少风险因素对以下两方面的影响：a）客观的智能手机使用；b）主观的智能手机使用问题。
我们的样本（n = 135，M = 19.15，68%为女性）由一所大型大学的大学生组成。参与者完成了关于无聊倾向、冲动性、技术相关焦虑（无手机恐惧症）、特质正念、智能手机使用频率和使用问题的自我报告测量。
更高的正念水平与更低的无聊倾向、冲动性和使用问题显著相关（F = 12.12，p <.01）。分层回归显示，随着正念水平的提高，无手机恐惧症与使用问题之间的正相关关系减弱。对于无聊倾向也观察到了类似的保护作用，尽管随着冲动性的增加这种作用消失了。第二次回归显示没有每周智能手机使用的显著预测因素。
随着正念水平的提高，无手机恐惧症和无聊倾向对智能手机使用问题的影响会减弱，但冲动性可能会干扰这一过程。“成瘾”的风险和保护因素似乎与智能手机使用频率无关。未来的研究应该考察基于正念的干预措施在促进情绪和认知自我调节方面的益处，重点关注那些以功能失调方式使用智能手机的人群。
