Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburgerplatz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.
Heart Fail Rev. 2021 Sep;26(5):1063-1080. doi: 10.1007/s10741-020-09963-7.
Heart failure (HF) patients represent one of the most prevalent as well as one of the most fragile population encountered in the cardiology and internal medicine departments nowadays. Estimated to account for around 26 million people worldwide, diagnosed patients present a poor prognosis and quality of life with a clinical history accompanied by repeated hospital admissions caused by an exacerbation of their chronic condition. The frequent hospitalizations and the extended hospital stays mean an extremely high economic burden for healthcare institutions. Meanwhile, the number of chronically diseased and elderly patients is continuously rising, and a lack of specialized physicians is evident. To cope with this health emergency, more efficient strategies for patient management, more accurate diagnostic tools, and more efficient preventive plans are needed. In recent years, telemonitoring has been introduced as the potential answer to solve such needs. Different methodologies and devices have been progressively investigated for effective home monitoring of cardiologic patients. Invasive hemodynamic devices, such as CardioMEMS™, have been demonstrated to be reducing hospitalizations and mortality, but their use is however restricted to limited cases. The role of external non-invasive devices for remote patient monitoring, instead, is yet to be clarified. In this review, we summarized the most relevant studies and devices that, by utilizing non-invasive telemonitoring, demonstrated whether beneficial effects in the management of HF patients were effective.
心力衰竭（HF）患者是当今心脏病学和内科最常见和最脆弱的人群之一。据估计，全球约有 2600 万人患有心力衰竭，确诊患者的预后和生活质量较差，其临床病史伴有慢性病情恶化导致的反复住院。频繁的住院和延长的住院时间意味着医疗机构面临极高的经济负担。与此同时，慢性病和老年患者的数量不断增加，而专业医生的短缺也日益明显。为了应对这一健康紧急情况，需要更有效的患者管理策略、更准确的诊断工具和更有效的预防计划。近年来，远程监测已被引入作为满足这些需求的潜在解决方案。已经逐步研究了不同的方法和设备，以实现有效的心脏病患者家庭监测。侵入性血流动力学设备，如 CardioMEMS™，已被证明可减少住院和死亡率，但它们的使用仅限于有限的情况。外部非侵入性设备用于远程患者监测的作用仍有待澄清。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最相关的研究和设备，这些研究和设备通过利用非侵入性远程监测，证明了对心力衰竭患者管理的有益效果。
