Stine Gabriel M, Zylberberg Ariel, Ditterich Jochen, Shadlen Michael N
Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, United States.
Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute and The Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Columbia University, New York, United States.
Elife. 2020 Apr 27;9:e55365. doi: 10.7554/eLife.55365.
Many tasks used to study decision-making encourage subjects to integrate evidence over time. Such tasks are useful to understand how the brain operates on multiple samples of information over prolonged timescales, but only if subjects actually integrate evidence to form their decisions. We explored the behavioral observations that corroborate evidence-integration in a number of task-designs. Several commonly accepted signs of integration were also predicted by non-integration strategies. Furthermore, an integration model could fit data generated by non-integration models. We identified the features of non-integration models that allowed them to mimic integration and used these insights to design a motion discrimination task that disentangled the models. In human subjects performing the task, we falsified a non-integration strategy in each and confirmed prolonged integration in all but one subject. The findings illustrate the difficulty of identifying a decision-maker's strategy and support solutions to achieve this goal.
许多用于研究决策的任务鼓励受试者随着时间推移整合证据。此类任务有助于理解大脑如何在较长时间尺度上处理多个信息样本，但前提是受试者实际整合证据以做出决策。我们探究了在多种任务设计中证实证据整合的行为观察结果。非整合策略也预测了一些普遍认可的整合迹象。此外，一个整合模型能够拟合由非整合模型生成的数据。我们确定了非整合模型能够模拟整合的特征，并利用这些见解设计了一项运动辨别任务，以区分这些模型。在执行该任务的人类受试者中，我们证伪了每个受试者的非整合策略，并证实除一名受试者外，其他所有受试者都存在长时间的整合。这些发现说明了识别决策者策略的难度，并为实现这一目标的解决方案提供了支持。
