Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
Neonatal Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Feb;72(1):4-13. doi: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1754352. Epub 2020 Apr 27.
Feeding from own mother's milk is not always an option for preterm infants, and choosing between alternative means of feeding should be made in light of their effect on infants' health. In this work, we aimed to present evidence regarding feeding pre-term infants with human milk, either own mother's or donor milk (DM), and the potential effects on growth and other health related outcomes. Exclusive breastfeeding (BF) remains the optimal option, whereas feeding with DM as a sole diet or supplemental to maternal milk confers immunological advantages and fewer rates of necrotising enterocolitis against preterm formula feeding, yet the latter results in greater growth velocity. Literature gaps in the use of DM, practical suggestions for choosing suitable feeding means (i.e. continuous support of BF, adequate education regarding feeding preterm infants, including DM), and future perspectives on the potential effects of dietary manipulations of the maternal diet, are also discussed.
对于早产儿来说，母乳喂养并非总是可行的选择，在选择替代喂养方式时，应考虑其对婴儿健康的影响。在这项工作中，我们旨在介绍有关用母乳（无论是母亲的还是捐赠的）喂养早产儿的证据，以及其对生长和其他健康相关结果的潜在影响。纯母乳喂养仍然是最佳选择，而用捐赠奶作为唯一饮食或补充母乳则具有免疫优势，并且坏死性小肠结肠炎的发生率低于早产儿配方奶喂养，但后者会导致更快的生长速度。在使用捐赠奶方面，文献中存在空白，也需要提出实用的建议来选择合适的喂养方式（例如，持续支持母乳喂养，为早产儿喂养提供充分的教育，包括捐赠奶），并探讨对母亲饮食的饮食干预的潜在影响的未来展望。
