School of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, 12241 Egaleo, Greece.
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, 18450 Nikaia, Greece.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Apr 25;17(9):2978. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17092978.
The relationship of body fat (BF) percentage with performance of elite marathon runners has been well studied; however, less information is available about the variation of skinfold thickness by sex and performance in non-elite marathon runners. The aim of the present study was to examine the variation of skinfold thickness by sex and performance in recreational marathon runners. Participants included 32 female (age 40.1 ± 9.0 years, BF 19.6 ± 4.7%, and training volume 47.7 ± 22.6 km) and 134 male marathon runners (44.3 ± 8.8 years, 17.6 ± 4.0%, and 53.0 ± 21.2 km, respectively). The largest skinfold thickness was the abdomen in both sexes, whereas the smallest was biceps in men, and chins in women ( < 0.001). The largest sex difference in skinfold thickness was observed in triceps being the fattest in women ( < 0.001). The largest difference in skinfold thickness among men's performance groups was observed in the iliac crest, and the smallest in the patella and proximal calf ( < 0.001). In summary, skinfold measurements indicated that women had more fat in both their upper and lower limbs, while men had more fat in their trunk. With regards to the role of performance level, the slowest runners presented relatively more fat in the upper limbs and trunk anatomical sites, i.e., away from the active muscles of legs.
体脂肪（BF）百分比与精英马拉松运动员表现之间的关系已经得到了很好的研究；然而，关于非精英马拉松运动员的性别和表现与皮褶厚度变化的信息较少。本研究的目的是检查休闲马拉松运动员的性别和表现与皮褶厚度的变化。参与者包括 32 名女性（年龄 40.1 ± 9.0 岁，BF 19.6 ± 4.7%，训练量 47.7 ± 22.6 公里）和 134 名男性马拉松运动员（年龄 44.3 ± 8.8 岁，17.6 ± 4.0%，53.0 ± 21.2 公里）。男女最大的皮褶厚度均在腹部，而男性最小的皮褶厚度在肱二头肌，女性最小的皮褶厚度在下巴（<0.001）。男女皮褶厚度的最大性别差异在肱三头肌，女性最厚（<0.001）。男性表现组中皮褶厚度最大的差异出现在髂嵴，最小的差异出现在髌骨和小腿近端（<0.001）。总之，皮褶测量表明，女性上肢和下肢的脂肪都较多，而男性躯干的脂肪较多。就表现水平而言，跑得最慢的运动员上肢和躯干的解剖部位的脂肪相对较多，即远离腿部的活跃肌肉。
