生育诊所女性围产期尿液中二苯甲酮-3 浓度和血糖水平。
Perinatal urinary benzophenone-3 concentrations and glucose levels among women from a fertility clinic.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
出版信息
Environ Health. 2020 Apr 28;19(1):45. doi: 10.1186/s12940-020-00598-7.
BACKGROUND
Subfertile women have higher risk of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. Studies suggest associations between several endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and pregnancy glucose levels. However, the association between benzophenone-3 (BP-3), an EDC widely found in sunscreen, and pregnancy glucose levels remains unclear. We aimed to assess the association between perinatal exposures to BP-3 and pregnancy glucose levels in subfertile women.
METHODS
We evaluated 217 women from a prospective cohort based at a fertility clinic who had urinary BP-3 concentrations measured during 3-month preconception, first and/or second trimesters, and blood glucose measured at glucose load tests (GLTs) during late pregnancy. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to assess associations between time-specific BP-3 in quartiles (Q1 - Q4) and mean glucose levels, as well as odds of abnormal GLT (glucose level ≥ 140 mg/dL), adjusting for potential confounders. Effect modification was assessed by age, season, BMI, infertility diagnosis, sex of fetus (es) and physical activity.
RESULTS
Women with higher first trimester BP-3 concentrations had lower mean glucose levels [mean glucose (95% CI) for Q4 vs Q1 = 103.4 (95.0, 112.5) vs. 114.6 (105.8, 124.2) mg/dL]. Women with higher second trimester BP-3 concentrations had lower odds of abnormal GLT [OR (95% CI) for Q3 vs. Q1 = 0.12 (0.01, 0.94)]. The associations between BP-3 and glucose levels were modified by several factors: women with female-factor infertility, urine collected during summer, older age, lower BMI, or carried female fetus (es) had the strongest inverse associations between BP-3 and glucose levels, while no associations were observed in the remaining subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS
Time-specific inverse associations between BP-3 and pregnancy glucose levels existed in subfertile women, and especially among certain subgroups of this high-risk-population.
背景
生育能力低下的女性在怀孕期间更容易出现葡萄糖耐量受损。研究表明，一些内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs）与妊娠血糖水平之间存在关联。然而，在防晒霜中广泛存在的 EDC 二苯甲酮-3（BP-3）与妊娠血糖水平之间的关联尚不清楚。我们旨在评估围产期 BP-3 暴露与生育能力低下女性妊娠血糖水平之间的关系。
方法
我们评估了一个位于生育诊所的前瞻性队列中的 217 名女性，她们在妊娠前 3 个月、第 1 或第 2 个 trimester 以及妊娠晚期的葡萄糖负荷试验（GLT）中测量了尿液 BP-3 浓度，同时测量了血液葡萄糖浓度。使用多变量线性和逻辑回归模型来评估 BP-3 在四分位数（Q1-Q4）中的时间特异性与平均血糖水平之间的关系，以及异常 GLT（血糖水平≥140mg/dL）的可能性，同时调整潜在的混杂因素。通过年龄、季节、BMI、不孕诊断、胎儿性别（s）和体力活动来评估效应修饰。
结果
具有较高的第 1 个 trimester BP-3 浓度的女性具有较低的平均血糖水平[第 4 四分位（Q4）与第 1 四分位（Q1）相比，平均葡萄糖（95%置信区间）=103.4（95.0，112.5）vs. 114.6（105.8，124.2）mg/dL]。具有较高的第 2 个 trimester BP-3 浓度的女性具有较低的异常 GLT 可能性[第 3 四分位（Q3）与第 1 四分位（Q1）相比，OR（95%置信区间）=0.12（0.01，0.94）]。BP-3 与血糖水平之间的关联受到多种因素的修饰：女性因素不孕、夏季采集的尿液、年龄较大、BMI 较低或怀有女性胎儿（es）的女性，BP-3 与血糖水平之间存在最强的负相关，而在其余亚组中则没有观察到相关性。
结论
生育能力低下的女性中存在 BP-3 与妊娠血糖水平之间的时间特异性负相关，尤其是在这个高风险人群的某些亚组中。
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