Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, CO, USA.
Gut Microbes. 2020 Sep 2;11(5):1188-1202. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1749754. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
Work has shown that increased exposure to air pollutants independently contributes to obesity and type 2 diabetes risk, yet the exact mechanisms underlying these associations have not been fully characterized. The current review summarizes recent findings regarding the impact of inhaled and ingested air pollutants on the gut microbiota. Animal and human studies provide evidence that air pollutants, such as particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, and ozone, have the potential to alter the gut microbiota. Further, studies suggest that such exposure-induced alterations to the gut microbiota may contribute to increased risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes through inflammatory pathways. Future work is needed to fully understand the complex interactions between air pollution, the gut microbiome, and human health. Additionally, advanced sequencing methods for gut microbiome research present unique opportunities to study the underlying pathways that link increased air pollution exposure with obesity and type 2 diabetes risk.
研究表明，暴露于空气污染物会增加肥胖和 2 型糖尿病的风险，但这些关联的确切机制尚未完全阐明。本综述总结了最近关于吸入和摄入的空气污染物对肠道微生物组影响的研究结果。动物和人类研究表明，空气污染物，如颗粒物、氮氧化物和臭氧，有可能改变肠道微生物组。此外，研究表明，这种暴露引起的肠道微生物组改变可能通过炎症途径导致肥胖和 2 型糖尿病风险增加。需要进一步的研究来充分了解空气污染、肠道微生物组和人类健康之间的复杂相互作用。此外，肠道微生物组研究的高级测序方法为研究增加的空气污染暴露与肥胖和 2 型糖尿病风险之间的潜在途径提供了独特的机会。
