Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Environment, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Molecules. 2020 Apr 27;25(9):2038. doi: 10.3390/molecules25092038.
Mounting evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies suggests that lycopene, the most abundant carotenoid in tomatoes, may be beneficial in the prevention or treatment of some important diseases. Ripe tomato peels are the richest source of lycopene, but the use of conventional solvent extraction methods without pretreatment of the plant material results in very poor recovery. The reason lies in the localization of lycopene in the plant tissue and the low permeability of the latter to solvent molecules. In this paper, a mixture design procedure was used to formulate solvent mixtures allowing the recovery of lycopene from non-pretreated tomato peels. Two ternary systems were investigated: (a) -hexane-ethanol-acetone and (b) ethyl lactate-ethanol-acetone. Optimization of the ternary mixture composition led to a recovery of over 90% of the lycopene present in the peels. The high extraction efficiency was explained in terms of lycopene affinity combined with the ability to swell the plant material. A tomato oleoresin with high antioxidant activity and a lycopene content of about 13% () was also produced. Overall, the results indicate that highly effective solvents for direct recovery of lycopene from tomato peels can be easily prepared by a mixture design approach.
越来越多的临床和流行病学研究证据表明，番茄中含量最丰富的类胡萝卜素——番茄红素，可能对预防或治疗某些重要疾病有益。成熟的番茄皮是番茄红素最丰富的来源，但如果不预处理植物材料，而采用常规溶剂萃取方法，会导致回收率非常低。原因在于番茄红素在植物组织中的定位以及后者对溶剂分子的低渗透性。本文采用混合设计程序来配制溶剂混合物，以从未经预处理的番茄皮中回收番茄红素。研究了两种三元体系：(a)-己烷-乙醇-丙酮和(b)乳酸乙酯-乙醇-丙酮。三元混合物组成的优化导致了超过 90%存在于果皮中的番茄红素的回收。高提取效率可以用番茄红素的亲和力结合植物材料的溶胀能力来解释。还生产了一种具有高抗氧化活性和约 13%（）番茄红素含量的番茄油树脂。总的来说，结果表明，通过混合设计方法可以很容易地制备出从番茄皮中直接回收番茄红素的高效溶剂。
