Othman Yeop Abdullah Graduate School of Business Eman, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Bukit Kayu Hitam, Kedah, Malaysia.
Department of Business Administration, Emaan Institute of Management & Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jul;27(20):25494-25509. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08782-5. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
This paper uses the quantile autoregressive distributed lag (QARDL) model to analyze the impact of economic growth, tourism, transportation, and globalization on carbon dioxide (CO) emissions in the Malaysian economy. The QARDL model is employed utilizing quarterly data from 1995Q1 to 2018Q4. The results demonstrate that economic growth is significantly positive with CO emissions at lower to upper quantiles. Interestingly, tourism has a negative effect on CO emissions at higher quantiles. Moreover, globalization and transportation services are positive, with CO emissions at upper-middle to higher quantiles. Furthermore, we tested the environmental Kuznets curve, and the outcomes confirm the presence of the inverted U-shaped curve in the Malaysian economy. The results of this study suggest that ecotourism is beneficial for economic growth in underdeveloped areas; it increases employment opportunities and, thus, achieves a win-win situation for protection and development. The government should encourage the low-carbon development of ecotourism and achieve green development of both tourism and the economy.
本文使用分位数自回归分布滞后（QARDL）模型来分析经济增长、旅游、交通和全球化对马来西亚经济中二氧化碳（CO）排放的影响。该模型利用 1995 年第一季度至 2018 年第四季度的季度数据进行了估计。结果表明，在较低和较高分位数上，经济增长与 CO 排放呈显著正相关。有趣的是，旅游对较高分位数上的 CO 排放具有负向影响。此外，全球化和交通运输服务呈正相关，CO 排放与中上到更高分位数相关。此外，我们检验了环境库兹涅茨曲线，结果证实了马来西亚经济中存在倒 U 型曲线。本研究的结果表明，生态旅游有利于欠发达地区的经济增长；它增加了就业机会，从而实现了保护与发展的双赢局面。政府应鼓励生态旅游的低碳发展，实现旅游和经济的绿色发展。
