School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China.
Decision Consulting Department, Party School of the Zhongshan Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, Zhongshan, 528403, Guangdong, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Sep 6;18(9):e0290252. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290252. eCollection 2023.
Tourism is one of the most important promoters of sustainable development in many nations and regions around the globe. Tourism expansion has been a significant contributor to social and economic growth, particularly in developing economies. It is, however, vulnerable to all kinds of health crises and natural disasters, no matter how small they are. The primary purpose of this study is to acquire an empirical understanding of the effects of health crises and disasters on international tourism. The SYS-GMM was used to examine the impact of health calamities and crises, carbon footprints from transportation, and green finance on the tourism of 51 countries between 2007 and 2020. The results showed that health crises and natural disasters have a big effect on international tourism. Alternatively, the presence of eco-friendly and secure transportation at tourist destinations has a positive effect on the tourism industry. The results also showed that environmental expenditures have positive short- and long-term effects on international tourism. Furthermore, the sensitivity of travelers to health crises and natural disasters varies over the short and long term. The study also showed that compared to normal times, international tourism dropped by more than 67% during COVID-19. Consequently, this research assists us in comprehending, predicting, and preventing the potential adverse effects of COVID-19 and other similar economic, health disasters and crises that could occur in the future and harm the tourism industry.
旅游业是全球许多国家和地区可持续发展的最重要推动者之一。旅游的扩张是社会和经济增长的重要贡献者，尤其是在发展中经济体。然而，它容易受到各种健康危机和自然灾害的影响，无论它们多么小。本研究的主要目的是获得对健康危机和灾害对国际旅游业影响的经验理解。本研究使用 SYS-GMM 检验了健康灾难和危机、交通碳足迹和绿色金融对 2007 年至 2020 年间 51 个国家的旅游业的影响。结果表明，健康危机和自然灾害对国际旅游业有很大影响。此外，旅游目的地的环保和安全交通也对旅游业有积极的影响。结果还表明，环境支出对国际旅游业有短期和长期的积极影响。此外，旅行者对健康危机和自然灾害的敏感性在短期和长期内有所不同。研究还表明，与正常时期相比，新冠肺炎疫情期间国际旅游业下降了 67%以上。因此，这项研究有助于我们理解、预测和预防 COVID-19 及未来可能发生的其他类似经济、健康灾害和危机对旅游业的潜在不利影响。
