CRISPR 作为抗病毒策略的发展，以对抗 SARS-CoV-2 和流感。
Development of CRISPR as an Antiviral Strategy to Combat SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza.
机构信息
Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
出版信息
Cell. 2020 May 14;181(4):865-876.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.020. Epub 2020 Apr 29.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has highlighted the need for antiviral approaches that can target emerging viruses with no effective vaccines or pharmaceuticals. Here, we demonstrate a CRISPR-Cas13-based strategy, PAC-MAN (prophylactic antiviral CRISPR in human cells), for viral inhibition that can effectively degrade RNA from SARS-CoV-2 sequences and live influenza A virus (IAV) in human lung epithelial cells. We designed and screened CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) targeting conserved viral regions and identified functional crRNAs targeting SARS-CoV-2. This approach effectively reduced H1N1 IAV load in respiratory epithelial cells. Our bioinformatic analysis showed that a group of only six crRNAs can target more than 90% of all coronaviruses. With the development of a safe and effective system for respiratory tract delivery, PAC-MAN has the potential to become an important pan-coronavirus inhibition strategy.
新型冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是由 SARS-CoV-2 病毒引起的，它强调了需要开发抗病毒方法，以针对没有有效疫苗或药物的新兴病毒。在这里，我们展示了一种基于 CRISPR-Cas13 的策略，PAC-MAN（人细胞中的预防性抗病毒 CRISPR），用于病毒抑制，可以有效降解 SARS-CoV-2 序列和活流感 A 病毒（IAV）在人肺上皮细胞中的 RNA。我们设计并筛选了针对保守病毒区域的 CRISPR RNA（crRNA），并鉴定了针对 SARS-CoV-2 的功能 crRNA。这种方法有效地降低了呼吸道上皮细胞中的 H1N1 IAV 载量。我们的生物信息学分析表明，仅一组六个 crRNA 就可以靶向超过 90%的所有冠状病毒。随着呼吸道输送的安全有效系统的发展，PAC-MAN 有可能成为一种重要的泛冠状病毒抑制策略。
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