Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Arch Oral Biol. 2020 Jun;114:104727. doi: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104727. Epub 2020 Apr 19.
This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial efficacy of green tea and its extract epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) as a mouthwash in children.
The study group included 47 children aged 5-12 years at high caries risk and prevalence. Children selected were asked to rinse with one of the substances (EGCG, green tea, chlorhexidine and distilled water) for one min. A non-stimulated salivary sample (2 mL) was collected at baseline and after rinsing. The concentration of cariogenic microorganisms (mutans streptococci and lactobacilli) was determined before and after rinsing based on the count of colony-forming units (CFU). CFU were counted with the aid of a stereomicroscope through the perfunctory identification of the morphological characteristics of CFU. The microbial reduction percentage was then calculated.
The analysis of the effectiveness of the treatments showed that there was a significant reduction in relation to the values obtained before and after the mouthwash, both for mutans streptococci (pCHX = 0.001; pEGCG = 0.001; pGreen Tea = 0.005; pDistilled Water = 0.018) and lactobacilli (pCHX = 0.001; pEGCG = 0.002; pGreen Tea = 0.008; pDistilled Water = 0.033). The percentage of microbial reduction of both cariogenic microorganisms caused by the EGCG solution was higher than green tea and distilled water, but less than CHX. The percentage of microbial reduction by the EGCG solution for mutans streptococci was 79.9%, green tea 68.3%, distilled water 50.6% and CHX 95.5%. For lactobacilli, the percentage reduction of all solutions was relatively lower when compared to mutans streptococci. For the EGCG solution it was 72.09%, followed by green tea 59.17% and distilled water 41.96%, but less than CHX 86.02%.
Rinsing with EGCG solution reduced the levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli in the oral cavity of children. Although EGCG had better antimicrobial activity than green tea, this study supports the effectiveness of both as an antibacterial mouthwash option. Both EGCG and green tea could be used as alternatives to chlorhexidine-based mouthwashes.
本研究旨在评估和比较绿茶及其提取物表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯（EGCG）作为漱口水在儿童中的抗菌效果。
研究组包括 47 名年龄在 5-12 岁、高龋病风险和流行率的儿童。选择的儿童被要求用一种物质（EGCG、绿茶、洗必泰或蒸馏水）漱口 1 分钟。在基线和漱口后采集 2ml 非刺激性唾液样本。根据菌落形成单位（CFU）计数，在漱口前后确定致龋微生物（变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌）的浓度。通过体视显微镜观察 CFU 的形态特征来辅助计数 CFU。然后计算微生物减少的百分比。
治疗效果分析表明，与漱口前后的值相比，所有处理方法均有显著降低，包括变形链球菌（pCHX=0.001;pEGCG=0.001;pGreen Tea=0.005;pDistilled Water=0.018）和乳酸杆菌（pCHX=0.001;pEGCG=0.002;pGreen Tea=0.008;pDistilled Water=0.033）。EGCG 溶液引起的两种致龋微生物的微生物减少百分比均高于绿茶和蒸馏水，但低于洗必泰。EGCG 溶液对变形链球菌的微生物减少百分比为 79.9%，绿茶为 68.3%，蒸馏水为 50.6%，洗必泰为 95.5%。对于乳酸杆菌，与变形链球菌相比，所有溶液的微生物减少百分比相对较低。EGCG 溶液为 72.09%，其次是绿茶 59.17%和蒸馏水 41.96%，但低于洗必泰 86.02%。
用 EGCG 溶液漱口可降低儿童口腔中变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌的水平。虽然 EGCG 的抗菌活性优于绿茶，但本研究支持 EGCG 和绿茶作为抗菌漱口水的有效性。EGCG 和绿茶都可以替代基于洗必泰的漱口水。
