Zacchigna Serena, Paldino Alessia, Falcão-Pires Inês, Daskalopoulos Evangelos P, Dal Ferro Matteo, Vodret Simone, Lesizza Pierluigi, Cannatà Antonio, Miranda-Silva Daniela, Lourenço André P, Pinamonti Bruno, Sinagra Gianfranco, Weinberger Florian, Eschenhagen Thomas, Carrier Lucie, Kehat Izhak, Tocchetti Carlo G, Russo Michele, Ghigo Alessandra, Cimino James, Hirsch Emilio, Dawson Dana, Ciccarelli Michele, Oliveti Marco, Linke Wolfgang A, Cuijpers Ilona, Heymans Stephane, Hamdani Nazha, de Boer Martine, Duncker Dirk J, Kuster Diederik, van der Velden Jolanda, Beauloye Christophe, Bertrand Luc, Mayr Manuel, Giacca Mauro, Leuschner Florian, Backs Johannes, Thum Thomas
Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina, strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste (TS), Italy.
International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy.
Cardiovasc Res. 2021 Jan 1;117(1):43-59. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa110.
Echocardiography is a reliable and reproducible method to assess non-invasively cardiac function in clinical and experimental research. Significant progress in the development of echocardiographic equipment and transducers has led to the successful translation of this methodology from humans to rodents, allowing for the scoring of disease severity and progression, testing of new drugs, and monitoring cardiac function in genetically modified or pharmacologically treated animals. However, as yet, there is no standardization in the procedure to acquire echocardiographic measurements in small animals. This position paper focuses on the appropriate acquisition and analysis of echocardiographic parameters in adult mice and rats, and provides reference values, representative images, and videos for the accurate and reproducible quantification of left ventricular function in healthy and pathological conditions.
超声心动图是临床和实验研究中评估心脏功能的一种可靠且可重复的非侵入性方法。超声心动图设备和换能器的显著进展已使该方法成功从人类应用于啮齿动物，从而能够对疾病严重程度和进展进行评分、测试新药以及监测基因改造或药物治疗动物的心脏功能。然而，目前在小动物中获取超声心动图测量值的程序尚无标准化。本立场文件着重于成年小鼠和大鼠超声心动图参数的适当获取和分析，并提供参考值、代表性图像和视频，以在健康和病理条件下准确且可重复地量化左心室功能。
