Plasma Oncology Laboratory, Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Department of Trauma, Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
Anticancer Res. 2020 May;40(5):2591-2599. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.14230.
Physical plasma is a mixture of reactive particles and electromagnetic radiation. Due to the antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing promoting, and antineoplastic effects of body tempered physical plasma under atmospheric pressure (cold atmospheric plasma: CAP), CAP therapy is increasingly becoming the focus of surgical and oncological disciplines. However, when applied in practice, a potential emission of harmful noxae such as toxic nitrogen oxides must be taken into account, which was investigated in the following study.
MiniJet-R Ar CAP device was characterized with respect to NO-specific spectra, ultraviolet radiation C (UVC) intensity in the range of 200-275 nm and the formation of NO gases. Instrument-specific parameters such as gas flow, energy setting of the high-frequency generator, and flow rate of the carrier gas Ar were varied. To test the toxic properties of the NO concentrations formed by CAP, SK-OV-3 human ovarian cancer cells were incubated with different NO concentrations and cell growth was monitored for 120 h.
The operation of MiniJet-R led to the formation of NO in the proximity of the CAP effluent. Synthesis of NO led to a NO-specific spectrum in the range of 100-275 nm, whereby UVC radiation produced reached intensities of up to 90 mW/m NO gas itself, however, was not detectable, as it was converted to NO rapidly. Cell culture incubation experiments demonstrated that NO in these concentration ranges had no influence on the cell growth of human cancer cells.
Although no limit values were exceeded in the present study, the emission of high-energy UVC radiation and toxic NO is a risk factor with regard to the legal regulations on workplace protection (operator hazard) and the approval of medical devices (patient hazard). This is important for considerations regarding treatment frequency and duration. The growth inhibitory effect of CAP treatment on human cancer cells principally suggests a medical application of the MiniJet-R device, although more extensive studies will have to follow.
物理等离子体是活性粒子和电磁辐射的混合物。由于大气压下（冷大气压等离子体：CAP）人体调节物理等离子体的抗菌、免疫调节、抗炎、促进伤口愈合和抗肿瘤作用，CAP 治疗越来越成为外科和肿瘤学科的焦点。然而，在实际应用中，必须考虑到潜在的有害排放物，如有毒的氮氧化物，本研究对此进行了调查。
使用 MiniJet-R Ar CAP 设备对特定于 NO 的光谱、200-275nm 范围内的紫外线辐射 C（UVC）强度以及 NO 气体的形成进行了表征。仪器特定参数，如气体流量、高频发生器的能量设置以及载气 Ar 的流速都有所变化。为了测试 CAP 形成的 NO 浓度的毒性特性，将 SK-OV-3 人卵巢癌细胞与不同的 NO 浓度孵育，并监测 120 小时的细胞生长情况。
MiniJet-R 的运行导致 CAP 流出物附近形成了 NO。NO 的合成导致 100-275nm 范围内产生特定于 NO 的光谱，其中产生的 UVC 辐射达到高达 90mW/m 的强度，但由于 NO 气体本身迅速转化为 NO，因此无法检测到。细胞培养孵育实验表明，这些浓度范围内的 NO 对人癌细胞的生长没有影响。
尽管在本研究中没有超过限值，但高能 UVC 辐射和有毒 NO 的排放是与工作场所保护（操作人员危害）和医疗器械批准（患者危害）相关的法律规定的一个风险因素。这对于考虑治疗频率和持续时间非常重要。CAP 治疗对人癌细胞的生长抑制作用主要表明 MiniJet-R 设备具有医学应用价值，尽管需要进行更广泛的研究。
