Research Department of Child Nutrition, University Children's Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany.
Institute for Work, Learning and Ageing (ALA), 44805 Bochum, Germany.
Nutrients. 2020 May 2;12(5):1297. doi: 10.3390/nu12051297.
There is still little research examining the relationship between water consumption in school and specific cognitive performance. The aim of this cluster-randomized intervention CogniDROP trial was to investigate the short-term effects of drinking water during the morning on executive functions. The participants were from the 5 and 6 grade of a comprehensive school in Germany (14 classes, = 250, 61.6% boys). The classes were randomly divided into an intervention group (an education on healthy drinking behavior and a promotion of water consumption) and a control group. A battery of computerized tasks (Switch Task, 2-Back Task, Corsi Block-Tapping Task and Flanker Task) was used to test executive functions. Urine color and thirst were evaluated to check the hydration level. Physical activity over the past 24 h was measured using GT3X ActiGraph. A non-linear relationship was observed between the amount of drinking water and executive performance. Consuming water up to 1000 mL (or up to 50% of Total Water Intake) had benefits during memory tasks. Urine color and number of steps on the study day correlated with water consumed. The results suggest that a water-friendly environment supports school-aged children in adequate water intake resulting in better cognitive performance, especially short-term memory.
目前关于在学校饮水与特定认知表现之间的关系的研究还很少。本项基于群组的随机干预性 CogniDROP 试验旨在研究在早晨饮水对执行功能的短期影响。参与者来自德国一所综合性学校的 5 年级和 6 年级（14 个班级，n = 250，61.6%为男生）。这些班级被随机分为干预组（接受关于健康饮水行为的教育和促进水的摄入）和对照组。使用一系列计算机化任务（转换任务、2 -back 任务、Corsi 块敲击任务和 Flanker 任务）来测试执行功能。通过尿色和口渴感评估来检查水合水平。使用 GT3X ActiGraph 测量过去 24 小时的身体活动。发现饮水量与执行功能之间呈非线性关系。在记忆任务中，饮用 1000 毫升水（或摄入总水量的 50%）以下具有益处。研究日的尿色和步数与水的摄入相关。结果表明，支持饮水的环境有助于学龄儿童摄入足够的水，从而提高认知表现，特别是短期记忆。
