Solberg Svein Øivind, Brodal Guro, Bothmer Roland von, Meen Eivind, Yndgaard Flemming, Andreasen Christian, Asdal Åsmund
Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, NO-2418 Elverum, Norway.
Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, NIBIO, P.O. Box 115, NO-1431 Ås, Norway.
Plants (Basel). 2020 May 2;9(5):579. doi: 10.3390/plants9050579.
More than 30 years ago, the Nordic Gene Bank established a long-term experiment on seeds stored under permafrost conditions in an abandoned mine corridor in Svalbard, as a tool to monitor storage life under these conditions. The study included seeds from 16 Nordic agricultural and horticultural crops, each represented by two or three cultivars (altogether 38 accessions). All seeds were ultra-dried to 3%-5% moisture before being sealed in glass tubes. Germination tests were performed in accordance with the International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) protocols. At the initiation of the experiment, the samples showed good germination with the median value at 92%. The overall picture remained stable over the first twenty to twenty-five years. However, the variation became larger over time and at 30 years, the median value had dropped to 80%. At the lower end, with a high drop in germination, we found rye, wheat, and English ryegrass. At the upper end, we found Kentucky bluegrass and cucumber. The lowest germination was found in samples with the highest initial seed moisture levels. Pre-storage conditions are likely to be of major importance for longevity.
30多年前，北欧基因库在斯瓦尔巴群岛一个废弃的矿道里开展了一项针对储存在永久冻土条件下种子的长期实验，作为监测这些条件下种子储存寿命的一种手段。该研究涵盖了16种北欧农作物和园艺作物的种子，每种作物由两到三个品种代表（共38份种质）。所有种子在密封于玻璃管之前都被超干燥至3%-5%的含水量。发芽试验按照国际种子检验协会（ISTA）的规程进行。在实验开始时，样本显示出良好的发芽率，中位数为92%。在最初的二十到二十五年里，总体情况保持稳定。然而，随着时间推移，变异变得更大，到30年时，中位数已降至80%。在发芽率下降幅度较大的低端，我们发现了黑麦、小麦和多年生黑麦草。在高端，我们发现了草地早熟禾和黄瓜。发芽率最低的情况出现在初始种子含水量最高的样本中。储存前的条件可能对种子寿命至关重要。
