Pak Kyoungjune, Kim Jiyoung, Kim Keunyoung, Kim Seong Jang, Kim In Joo
1Department of Nuclear Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 179 Gudeok-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, 49241 Republic of Korea.
2Department of Neurology and Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2020 Apr;54(2):98-104. doi: 10.1007/s13139-020-00636-9. Epub 2020 Apr 15.
We spend about one-third of our lives either sleeping or attempting to sleep. Therefore, the socioeconomic implications of sleep disorders may be higher than expected. However, the fundamental mechanisms and functions of sleep are not yet fully understood. Neuroimaging has been utilized to reveal the connectivity between sleep and the brain, which is associated with the physiology of sleep. Positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging studies have become increasingly common in sleep research. Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the physiology of sleep through neuroimaging and the use of various radiopharmaceuticals, as the sleep-wake cycle is regulated by multiple neurotransmitters, including dopamine, adenosine, glutamate, and others. In addition, the characteristics of rapid eye and non-rapid eye movement sleep have been investigated by measuring cerebral glucose metabolism. The physiology of sleep has been investigated using PET to study glymphatic function as a means to clear the amyloid burden. However, the basic mechanisms and functions of sleep are not yet fully understood. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects and consequences of chronic sleep deprivation, and the relevance of sleep to other diseases.
我们一生中约三分之一的时间用于睡眠或试图入睡。因此，睡眠障碍对社会经济的影响可能比预期的更高。然而，睡眠的基本机制和功能尚未完全明了。神经影像学已被用于揭示睡眠与大脑之间的联系，这与睡眠生理学相关。正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）成像研究在睡眠研究中越来越普遍。最近，通过神经影像学和使用各种放射性药物，在理解睡眠生理学方面取得了重大进展，因为睡眠-觉醒周期受多种神经递质调节，包括多巴胺、腺苷、谷氨酸等。此外，通过测量脑葡萄糖代谢研究了快速眼动和非快速眼动睡眠的特征。利用PET研究类淋巴功能作为清除淀粉样蛋白负荷的一种手段来探究睡眠生理学。然而，睡眠的基本机制和功能尚未完全明了。需要进一步研究来调查慢性睡眠剥夺的影响和后果，以及睡眠与其他疾病的相关性。
