Duncan Sophia Esi, Gao Shan, Sarhene Michael, Coffie Joel Wake, Linhua Deng, Bao Xingru, Jing Zhang, Li Sheng, Guo Rui, Su Jing, Fan Guanwei
First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Cardiol Res Pract. 2020 Apr 22;2020:4375127. doi: 10.1155/2020/4375127. eCollection 2020.
Heart diseases remain the major cause of death worldwide. Advances in pharmacological and biomedical management have resulted in an increasing proportion of patients surviving acute heart failure (HF). However, many survivors of HF in the early stages end up increasing the disease to chronic HF (CHF). HF is an established frequent complication of myocardial infarction (MI), and numerous influences including persistent myocardial ischemia, shocked myocardium, ventricular remodeling, infarct size, and mechanical impairments, as well as hibernating myocardium trigger the development of left ventricular systolic dysfunction following MI. Macrophage population is active in inflammatory process, yet the clear understanding of the causative roles for these macrophage cells in HF development and progression is actually incomplete. Long ago, it was thought that macrophages are of importance in the heart after MI. Also, though inflammation is as a result of adverse HF in patients, but despite the fact that broad immunosuppression therapeutic target has been used in various clinical trials, no positive results have showed up, but rather, the focus on proinflammatory cytokines has proved more benefits in patients with HF. Therefore, in this review, we discuss the recent findings and new development about macrophage activations in HF, its role in the healthy heart, and some therapeutic targets for myocardial repair. We have a strong believe that there is a need to give maximum attention to cardiac resident macrophages due to the fact that they perform various tasks in wound healing, self-renewal of the heart, and tissue remodeling. Currently, it has been discovered that the study of macrophages goes far beyond its phagocytotic roles. If researchers in future confirm that macrophages play a vital role in the heart, they can be therapeutically targeted for cardiac healing.
心脏病仍然是全球主要的死亡原因。药理学和生物医学管理方面的进展使得急性心力衰竭（HF）患者的存活率不断提高。然而，许多早期HF幸存者最终会发展为慢性心力衰竭（CHF）。HF是心肌梗死（MI）常见的并发症，包括持续性心肌缺血、休克心肌、心室重塑、梗死面积和机械损伤等多种因素，以及冬眠心肌，都会引发MI后左心室收缩功能障碍的发展。巨噬细胞群体在炎症过程中活跃，但对这些巨噬细胞在HF发展和进展中的致病作用的清晰认识实际上并不完整。很久以前，人们就认为巨噬细胞在MI后的心脏中很重要。此外，尽管炎症是HF患者不良预后的结果，而且尽管在各种临床试验中使用了广泛的免疫抑制治疗靶点，但并未出现阳性结果，相反，关注促炎细胞因子已被证明对HF患者更有益。因此，在本综述中，我们讨论了关于HF中巨噬细胞激活的最新发现和新进展、其在健康心脏中的作用以及心肌修复的一些治疗靶点。我们坚信，由于心脏驻留巨噬细胞在伤口愈合、心脏自我更新和组织重塑中发挥着各种作用，因此需要给予它们最大程度的关注。目前，已经发现对巨噬细胞的研究远远超出了其吞噬作用。如果未来的研究人员证实巨噬细胞在心脏中起着至关重要的作用，那么就可以将其作为心脏愈合的治疗靶点。
