Department of Basic Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
Department of Social Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.
J Clin Psychol. 2020 Oct;76(10):1882-1892. doi: 10.1002/jclp.22962. Epub 2020 May 7.
The present study examines the role of optimism and gratitude as predictors of suicide risk, namely depressive symptoms and suicide ideation. Beyond their expected predictive role, optimism and gratitude were also hypothesized to interact together to predict both suicide risk outcomes.
A sample of 1,013 Spanish adults (521 females) participated in this study. The average age was 39.63 years old (standard deviation = 16.19; range 16-82).
Results indicated that the optimism × gratitude interaction term significantly augmented the prediction of both depressive symptoms and suicide ideation. Specifically, pessimists presented with a higher risk of suicide, but the effect was weaker among those individuals with higher levels of gratitude. Alternatively, optimists with high gratitude showed the highest amount of protection from suicide risk.
Our findings are the first to show how optimism and gratitude might interact as a positive psychological variable to confer greater personal resources in protecting individuals against suicide risk.
本研究考察了乐观和感激作为自杀风险预测因子的作用，即抑郁症状和自杀意念。除了它们预期的预测作用外，还假设乐观和感激会相互作用，共同预测这两种自杀风险结果。
本研究共有 1013 名西班牙成年人（521 名女性）参与。平均年龄为 39.63 岁（标准差=16.19；范围 16-82）。
结果表明，乐观与感激的交互项显著提高了抑郁症状和自杀意念的预测能力。具体来说，悲观者的自杀风险更高，但在感激程度较高的个体中，这种影响较弱。相反，具有高度感激之情的乐观者表现出了最高的保护作用，能够避免自杀风险。
我们的发现首次表明，乐观和感激作为一种积极的心理变量，可能会相互作用，为个体提供更多的资源，以保护他们免受自杀风险的影响。
