Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, 0106 Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalléen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
Toxins (Basel). 2020 May 5;12(5):298. doi: 10.3390/toxins12050298.
Lake Steinsfjorden, an important Norwegian location for noble crayfish (), is often affected by cyanobacterial blooms caused by microcystin (MC)-producing spp. The impact of MCs on noble crayfish as a food source and crayfish health is largely unknown. We investigated the quantities and correlations of MCs in noble crayfish and lake water during and after a cyanobacterial bloom peaking in June-July 2015. Noble crayfish and water samples were collected monthly from June to October 2015 and in October 2016. The content of MCs was analysed by ELISA from tail muscle, intestine, stomach and hepatopancreas. PCR analysis for gene markers was performed on crayfish stomach content. Water samples were analysed for phytoplankton composition, biomass and MCs. PCR-positive stomach contents indicated to be part of the noble crayfish diet. Concentrations of MCs were highest in the hepatopancreas, stomach and intestine, peaking in August-September. Tail muscle contained low concentrations of MCs. Similar levels of MCs were found in crayfish from 2016. Except in September 2015, a normal portion of boiled noble crayfish tails was below the tolerable daily intake (TDI) for MCs for humans. Removing the intestine more than halved the content of MCs and seems a reasonable precautionary measure for noble crayfish consumers.
斯泰因斯福雷尔湖是挪威的一个重要地点，盛产美味欧鳇（），但常常受到微囊藻素（MC）产生的 spp. 产生的蓝藻水华的影响。MC 对作为食物来源的美味欧鳇和鳇鱼健康的影响在很大程度上是未知的。我们调查了 2015 年 6 月至 7 月蓝藻水华高峰期期间和之后美味欧鳇和湖水样本中的 MC 含量及其相关性。2015 年 6 月至 10 月和 2016 年 10 月每月采集美味欧鳇和水样。用 ELISA 从肌肉、肠道、胃和肝胰腺分析 MC 含量。对虾胃内容物进行 基因标记的 PCR 分析。对水样进行浮游植物组成、生物量和 MCs 分析。PCR 阳性胃内容物表明 是美味欧鳇饮食的一部分。MCs 浓度在肝胰腺、胃和肠道中最高，在 8 月至 9 月达到峰值。肌肉中 MCs 浓度较低。2016 年的鳇鱼也发现了类似水平的 MCs。除了 2015 年 9 月，正常量煮熟的美味欧鳇尾部低于人类可耐受每日摄入量（TDI）的 MCs 含量。去除肠道可使 MCs 含量减少一半以上，这似乎是美味欧鳇消费者的合理预防措施。
