College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Research Center for Circular Economy in Western China, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
BMC Public Health. 2020 May 7;20(1):637. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-08579-8.
In China, ethnic minorities often live in frontier areas and have a relatively small population size, and tremendous social transitions have enlarged the gap between eastern and western China, with western China being home to 44 ethnic minority groups. These three disadvantages have health impacts. Examining ethnicity and health inequality in the context of western China is therefore essential.
This paper is based on data from the 2010 China Survey of Social Change (CSSC2010), which was conducted in 12 provinces, autonomous regions and province-level municipalities in western China and had a sample size of 10,819. We examined self-rated health and disparities in self-rated health between ethnic minorities and Han Chinese in the context of western China. Self-rated health was coded as poor or good, and ethnicity was coded as ethnic minority or Han Chinese. Ethnic differences in self-rated health was examined by using binary logistic regression. Associations among sociodemographic variables, SES variable, health behaviour variable, health problem variables and self-rated health were also explored.
Fourteen percent of respondents reported their health to be poor. A total of 15.75% of ethnic minorities and 13.43% of Han Chinese respondents reported their health to be poor, indicating a difference in self-rated health between ethnic minorities and Han Chinese. Age, gender, marital status, education, alcohol, and health problems were the main factors that affected differences in self-rated health.
In western China, there were obvious ethnic disparities in self-rated health. Elderly ethnic minorities, non-partnered ethnic minorities, ethnic minorities with an educational level lower than middle school, and ethnic minorities with chronic disease had higher odds of poor self-rated health.
在中国，少数民族往往居住在边疆地区，人口规模相对较小，而巨大的社会转型拉大了东西部的差距，西部有 44 个少数民族。这三个劣势对健康有影响。因此，研究中国西部的民族和健康不平等问题至关重要。
本文基于 2010 年中国社会变迁调查（CSSC2010）的数据，该调查在西部 12 个省、自治区和直辖市进行，样本量为 10819 人。我们考察了中国西部背景下少数民族和汉族的自评健康状况及其不平等。自评健康状况被编码为差或好，民族被编码为少数民族或汉族。采用二元逻辑回归检验民族间自评健康的差异。还探讨了社会人口学变量、社会经济地位变量、健康行为变量、健康问题变量与自评健康之间的关系。
14%的受访者表示自己的健康状况较差。少数民族和汉族受访者中，分别有 15.75%和 13.43%表示自己的健康状况较差，表明少数民族和汉族自评健康状况存在差异。年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、饮酒和健康问题是影响自评健康差异的主要因素。
在中国西部，自评健康存在明显的民族差异。少数民族老年人、未婚少数民族、受教育程度低于中学的少数民族以及患有慢性病的少数民族自评健康较差的可能性更高。
