从小线粒体开放阅读框衍生的肽：基因组学、生物学和治疗学意义。
Peptides derived from small mitochondrial open reading frames: Genomic, biological, and therapeutic implications.
机构信息
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
出版信息
Exp Cell Res. 2020 Aug 15;393(2):112056. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112056. Epub 2020 May 6.
Mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs) are a novel class of bioactive microproteins that modify cell metabolism. The the eight MDPs that been characterized (e.g., humanin, MOTS-c, SHLPs1-6) attenuate disease pathology including Alzheimer's disease, prostate cancer, macular degeneration, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The association between disease and human genetic variation in MDPs is underexplored, although two polymorphisms in humanin and MOTS-c associate with cognitive decline and diabetes, respectively, suggesting a precise role for MDPs in disease-modification. There could be hundreds of additional MDPs that have yet to be discovered. Altogether, MDPs could explain unanswered biological and metabolic questions and are part of a growing field of novel microproteins encoded by small open reading frames. In this review, the current state of MDPs are summarized with an emphasis on biological and therapeutic implications.
线粒体衍生肽（MDPs）是一类新型的生物活性微蛋白，可调节细胞代谢。目前已鉴定出 8 种 MDPs（如人源神经保护因子、MOTS-c、SHLPs1-6），它们可减轻阿尔茨海默病、前列腺癌、黄斑变性、心血管疾病和糖尿病等多种疾病的病理。尽管人源神经保护因子和 MOTS-c 的两个多态性分别与认知能力下降和糖尿病相关，但与 MDPs 相关的疾病的人类遗传变异之间的关系仍未得到充分探索，这表明 MDPs 在疾病修饰中具有精确的作用。可能还有数百种尚未被发现的额外 MDPs。总的来说，MDPs 可以解释未解决的生物学和代谢问题，并且是由小开放阅读框编码的新型微蛋白领域的一部分。在这篇综述中，重点介绍了 MDPs 的研究现状及其生物学和治疗意义。
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