Department of Sports Science, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Institute of Medical Physics, Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 May 1;19(2):271-281. eCollection 2020 Jun.
The difference in the efficacy of altered stimulation parameters in whole-body-electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training remains largely unexplored. However, higher impulse frequencies (>50 Hz) might be most adequate for strength gain. The aim of this study was to analyze potential differences in sports-related performance parameters after a 10-week WB-EMS training with different frequencies. A total of 51 untrained participants (24.9 ± 3.9 years, 174 ± 9 cm, 72.4 ± 16.4 kg, BMI 23.8 ± 4.1, body fat 24.7 ± 8.1 %) was randomly divided into three groups: one inactive control group (CON) and two training groups. They completed a 10-week WB-EMS program of 1.5 sessions/week, equal content but different stimulation frequencies (training with 20 Hz (T20) vs. training with 85 Hz (T85)). Before and after intervention, all participants completed jumping (Counter Movement Jump (CMJ), Squat Jump (SJ), Drop Jump (DJ)), sprinting (5m, 10m, 30m), and strength tests (isometric trunk flexion/extension). One-way ANOVA was applied to calculate parameter changes. Post-hoc least significant difference tests were performed to identify group differences. Significant differences were identified for CMJ (p = 0.007), SJ (p = 0.022), trunk flexion (p = 0.020) and extension (p=.013) with significant group differences between both training groups and CON (not between the two training groups T20 and T85). A 10-week WB-EMS training leads to significant improvements of jump and strength parameters in untrained participants. No differences could be detected between the frequencies. Therefore, both stimulation frequencies can be regarded as adequate for increasing specific sport performance parameters. Further aspects as regeneration or long term effects by the use of different frequencies still need to be clarified.
全身肌电刺激（WB-EMS）训练中改变刺激参数的效果差异在很大程度上仍未得到探索。然而，较高的脉冲频率（>50 Hz）可能更适合增强力量。本研究旨在分析不同频率的 10 周 WB-EMS 训练后与运动相关的表现参数的潜在差异。共有 51 名未经训练的参与者（24.9 ± 3.9 岁，174 ± 9cm，72.4 ± 16.4kg，BMI 23.8 ± 4.1，体脂 24.7 ± 8.1%）被随机分为三组：一个不活动对照组（CON）和两个训练组。他们完成了 10 周的 WB-EMS 计划，每周 1.5 次，内容相同但刺激频率不同（20 Hz 训练（T20）与 85 Hz 训练（T85））。干预前后，所有参与者都完成了跳跃（反弹性跳跃（CMJ）、深蹲跳跃（SJ）、跳落跳跃（DJ））、短跑（5m、10m、30m）和力量测试（等长躯干屈伸）。应用单向方差分析计算参数变化。进行最小显著差异事后检验以确定组间差异。CMJ（p = 0.007）、SJ（p = 0.022）、躯干屈伸（p = 0.020）和伸展（p =.013）有显著差异，两个训练组和 CON 之间存在显著组间差异（两个训练组 T20 和 T85 之间无差异）。10 周的 WB-EMS 训练可使未经训练的参与者的跳跃和力量参数显著提高。两种频率之间没有差异。因此，两种刺激频率都可以被认为是增加特定运动表现参数的有效手段。不同频率对再生或长期效果的进一步影响仍需进一步阐明。
