Micke Florian, Kleinöder Heinz, Dörmann Ulrike, Wirtz Nicolas, Donath Lars
Department of Intervention Research in Exercise Training, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Front Physiol. 2018 Dec 5;9:1719. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01719. eCollection 2018.
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of dynamic superimposed submaximal whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) training on maximal strength and power parameters of the leg muscles compared with a similar dynamic training without WB-EMS. Eighteen male sport students were randomly assigned either to a WB-EMS intervention (INT; = 9; age: 28.8 (: 3.0) years; body mass: 80.2 (6.6) kg; strength training experience: 4.6 (2.8) years) or a traditional strength training group (CON; = 9; age: 22.8 (2.5) years; body mass: 77.6 (9.0) kg; strength training experience: 4.5 (2.9) years). Both training intervention programs were performed twice a week over a period of 8 weeks with the only difference that INT performed all dynamic exercises (e.g., split squats, glute-ham raises, jumps, and tappings) with superimposed WB-EMS. WB-EMS intensity was adjusted to 70% of the individual maximal tolerable pain to ensure dynamic movement. Before (PRE), after (POST) and 2 weeks after the intervention (FU), performance indices were assessed by maximal strength (F) and maximal power (P) testing on the leg extension (LE), leg curl (LC), and leg press (LP) machine as primary endpoints. Additionally, vertical and horizontal jumps and 30 m sprint tests were conducted as secondary endpoints at PRE, POST and FU testing. Significant time effects were observed for strength and power parameters on LE and LC (LE F +5.0%; LC P +13.5%). A significant time × group interaction effect was merely observed for F on the LE where follow-up testing showed significantly higher improvements in the INT group from PRE to POST and PRE to FU (INT: +7.7%, < 0.01; CON: +2.1%). These findings indicate that the combination of dynamic exercises and superimposed submaximal WB-EMS seems to be effective in order to improve leg strength and power. However, in young healthy adults the effects of superimposed WB-EMS were similar to the effects of dynamic resistance training without EMS, with the only exception of a significantly greater increase in leg extension F in the WB-EMS group.
本研究的目的是评估动态叠加次最大强度全身肌电刺激（WB-EMS）训练与无WB-EMS的类似动态训练相比，对腿部肌肉最大力量和功率参数的影响。18名男性体育专业学生被随机分为WB-EMS干预组（INT；n = 9；年龄：28.8（±3.0）岁；体重：80.2（±6.6）kg；力量训练经验：4.6（±2.8）年）或传统力量训练组（CON；n = 9；年龄：22.8（±2.5）岁；体重：77.6（±9.0）kg；力量训练经验：4.5（±2.9）年）。两个训练干预方案均每周进行两次，为期8周，唯一的区别是INT组在进行所有动态练习（如分腿蹲、臀腿弯举、跳跃和踢腿）时叠加WB-EMS。WB-EMS强度调整为个体最大可耐受疼痛的70%，以确保动态运动。在干预前（PRE）、干预后（POST）和干预后2周（FU），以腿部伸展（LE）、腿部弯举（LC）和腿部推举（LP）器械上的最大力量（F）和最大功率（P）测试作为主要终点，评估性能指标。此外，在PRE、POST和FU测试时，进行垂直和水平跳跃以及30米短跑测试作为次要终点。观察到LE和LC的力量和功率参数有显著的时间效应（LE F增加5.0%；LC P增加13.5%）。仅在LE的F值上观察到显著的时间×组交互效应，随访测试显示INT组从PRE到POST以及从PRE到FU有显著更高的改善（INT：+7.7%，P < 0.01；CON：+2.1%）。这些发现表明，动态练习与叠加次最大强度WB-EMS相结合似乎对提高腿部力量和功率有效。然而，在年轻健康成年人中，叠加WB-EMS的效果与无EMS的动态阻力训练效果相似，唯一的例外是WB-EMS组的腿部伸展F值显著增加更多。
