Department of Sports Medicine and Exercise Physiology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
J Sports Sci Med. 2020 May 1;19(2):323-336. eCollection 2020 Jun.
When sports are part of a person's profession or education, their careers are often handicapped by pain, a complex physical and mental state that may already occur at lower career stages. This study was designed to assess the occurrence of pain among sports students and the prevalence of relevant contributing psychosocial co-factors. Exploratory cross-sectional study surveying students at 89 sports faculties of universities in the DACH region using the German Sports Pain Questionnaire. It includes several validated surveys related to pain occurrence in different body regions, injuries, pain diagnoses and pain intensity, depression, anxiety, stress, self-compassion, analgesic and alcohol consumption, as well as sleep quality, health-related quality of life and impairments of quality of life by pain. A total of 865 sports students gave consent to participate in the study, and 664 participants (78%; 23.3 ± 2.84 years, 60% female, 40% male) completed the full survey. More than half of the students (53%; n = 403) showed current pain in 2-5 regions of the body, while subjective pain tolerance was enhanced. General injuries or accidents, medically and self-diagnosed pain diagnoses during the last eight weeks were reported by 30%. A current pain intensity ≥ 3 NRS was prevalent in 28% (n = 205), which correlated with increased pain-related biopsychosocial scores. Sports students had increased scores for depression, anxiety and stress, and self-compassion was reduced (compared to age-controlled national reference data, sports students head increased scores). The mean weekly training workload was 5-7 hours. Analgesics and alcohol consumption was increased, 61% reported insomnia. Across sports students, pain and biopsychosocial burden seem significantly increased when compared to other students and age-controlled cohorts. The data implies the need of giving greater importance to pain management at least from the time of sports studies in order to prevent pain and health risks in sports.
当运动成为一个人职业或教育的一部分时，他们的职业生涯常常会因疼痛而受到影响，这种复杂的身心状态可能在较低的职业生涯阶段就已经出现。本研究旨在评估运动学生的疼痛发生率以及相关心理社会共病因素的流行率。采用德国运动疼痛问卷对 DACH 地区 89 所体育院校的学生进行了横断面研究。它包括了几个与不同身体部位疼痛发生、损伤、疼痛诊断和疼痛强度、抑郁、焦虑、压力、自我同情、镇痛药和酒精消耗以及睡眠质量、健康相关生活质量和疼痛对生活质量的影响相关的经过验证的调查。共有 865 名运动学生同意参与研究，其中 664 名参与者（78%；23.3±2.84 岁，60%女性，40%男性）完成了完整的调查。超过一半的学生（53%；n=403）在身体的 2-5 个部位出现了当前疼痛，而主观疼痛耐受性增强。在过去的八周内，有 30%的学生报告有一般损伤或事故、医学和自我诊断的疼痛诊断。当前疼痛强度≥3 NRS 的发生率为 28%（n=205），这与疼痛相关的生物心理社会评分增加有关。运动学生的抑郁、焦虑和压力评分较高，自我同情减少（与年龄对照的全国参考数据相比，运动学生的评分较高）。每周平均训练工作量为 5-7 小时。镇痛药和酒精消耗增加，61%的人报告有失眠。与其他学生和年龄对照的队列相比，运动学生的疼痛和生物心理社会负担明显增加。这些数据表明，至少从运动研究开始，就需要更加重视疼痛管理，以预防运动中的疼痛和健康风险。
