Lin Yi-Cheng, Hsu Chih-Chin Heather, Wang Pei-Ning, Lin Ching-Po, Chang Li-Hung
Taipei Municipal Gan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Front Neurol. 2020 Apr 22;11:315. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00315. eCollection 2020.
The cerebellum has long been known to play an important role in motor and balance control, and accumulating evidence has revealed that it is also involved in multiple cognitive functions. However, the evidence from neuroimaging studies and clinical observations is not well-integrated at the anatomical or molecular level. The goal of this review is to summarize and link different aspects of the cerebellum, including molecular patterning, functional topography images, and clinical cerebellar disorders. More specifically, we explored the potential relationships between the cerebrocerebellar connections and the expression of particular molecules and, in particular, zebrin stripe (a Purkinje cell-specific antibody molecular marker, which is a glycolytic enzyme expressed in cerebellar Purkinje cells). We hypothesized that the zebrin patterns contribute to cerebellar functional maps-especially when cerebrocerebellar circuit changes exist in cerebellar-related diseases. The zebrin stripe receives input from climbing fibers and project to different parts of the cerebral cortex through its cerebrocerebellar connection. Since zebrin-positive cerebellar Purkinje cells are resistant to excitotoxicity and cell injury while zebrin-negative zones are more prone to damage, we suggest that motor control dysfunction symptoms such as ataxia and dysmetria present earlier and are easier to observe than non-ataxia symptoms due to zebrin-negative cell damage by cerebrocerebellar connections. In summary, we emphasize that the molecular zebrin patterns provide the basis for a new viewpoint from which to investigate cerebellar functions and clinico-neuroanatomic correlations.
长期以来，人们一直认为小脑在运动和平衡控制中发挥着重要作用，而且越来越多的证据表明它还参与多种认知功能。然而，神经影像学研究和临床观察的证据在解剖学或分子水平上并未得到很好的整合。本综述的目的是总结并联系小脑的不同方面，包括分子模式、功能地形图以及临床小脑疾病。更具体地说，我们探讨了大脑小脑连接与特定分子表达之间的潜在关系，特别是zebrin条纹（一种浦肯野细胞特异性抗体分子标记物，是在小脑浦肯野细胞中表达的一种糖酵解酶）。我们假设zebrin模式有助于小脑功能图谱的形成——尤其是在小脑相关疾病中存在大脑小脑回路变化时。zebrin条纹接收来自攀缘纤维的输入，并通过其大脑小脑连接投射到大脑皮层的不同部位。由于zebrin阳性的小脑浦肯野细胞对兴奋毒性和细胞损伤具有抗性，而zebrin阴性区域更容易受损，我们认为由于大脑小脑连接导致zebrin阴性细胞损伤，共济失调和辨距不良等运动控制功能障碍症状比非共济失调症状出现得更早且更容易观察到。总之，我们强调分子zebrin模式为研究小脑功能和临床神经解剖学相关性提供了一个新的视角基础。
