Dittoe Dana K, Barabote Ravi D, Rothrock Michael J, Ricke Steven C
Department of Food Science and Center for Food Safety, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Apr 23;11:751. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00751. eCollection 2020.
Currently, the poultry industry has been faced with consumer pressure to utilize only vegetable feedstuffs in poultry diets, eliminate antibiotics from poultry production, and rear poultry in free range systems. To maintain current production standards, the industry must determine ways to enhance nutrient uptake and utilization further. One possible solution is the supplementation of pectinase, an enzyme that degrades pectin within the cell walls of plants, in poultry diets. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to determine the potential role of a pectinase producer, DSM 18020, as a commercially utilized pectinase producer in poultry diets against other known pectinase producers, . In the current study, whole genomes of DSM 18020 (Dd18020), 3937 (Dd3937), IPO 2222 (Ds2222), C-125 (BhC125), and subsp. str. 168 (Bs168) were compared using bioinformatic approaches to compare the chromosomal genome size, GC content, protein coding genes (CDS), total genes, average protein length (a.a.) and determine the predicted metabolic pathways, predicted pectin degrading enzymes, and pectin-degradation pathways across pectinase producers. Due to insufficient information surrounding the genome of Dd18020 (lack of annotation), the genome of Dd3937, a 99% identical genome to Dd18020, was utilized to compare pectinase-associated enzymes and pathways. The results from the current study demonstrated that Dd3937 possessed the most significant proportion of pathways presented and the highest number of pathways related to degradation, assimilation, and utilization of pectin. Also, Dd18020 exhibited a high number of pectinase-related enzymes. Both Dd3937 and Dd2222 shared the pectin degradation I pathway via the EC 3.1.1.11, EC 3.2.1.82, and EC 4.2.2.- enzymes, but did not share this pathway with either species. In conclusion, Dd18020 demonstrated the genetic potential to produce multiple pectinase enzymes that could be beneficial to the degradation of pectin in poultry diets. However, for Dd18020 to become a commercially viable enzyme producer for the poultry industry, further research quantifying the pectinase production and determining the stability of the produced pectinases during feed manufacturing are necessary.
当前，家禽养殖业面临着来自消费者的压力，要求在家禽日粮中仅使用植物性饲料原料，在家禽生产中消除抗生素，并采用自由放养系统饲养家禽。为维持当前的生产标准，该行业必须确定进一步提高养分吸收和利用的方法。一种可能的解决方案是在家禽日粮中添加果胶酶，这是一种能降解植物细胞壁中果胶的酶。因此，本研究的目的是确定果胶酶产生菌DSM 18020作为一种可在商业上用于家禽日粮的果胶酶产生菌相对于其他已知果胶酶产生菌的潜在作用。在本研究中，使用生物信息学方法比较了DSM 18020（Dd18020）、3937（Dd3937）、IPO 2222（Ds2222）、C-125（BhC-125）和枯草芽孢杆菌亚种168（Bs168）的全基因组，以比较染色体基因组大小、GC含量、蛋白质编码基因（CDS）、总基因数、平均蛋白质长度（氨基酸），并确定预测的代谢途径、预测的果胶降解酶以及不同果胶酶产生菌的果胶降解途径。由于围绕Dd18020基因组的信息不足（缺乏注释）, 因此使用与Dd18020基因组有99%同一性的Dd3937基因组来比较与果胶酶相关的酶和途径。本研究结果表明，Dd3937具有最多比例的呈现途径以及与果胶降解、同化和利用相关的最多途径数量。此外，Dd18020表现出大量与果胶酶相关的酶。Dd3937和Ds2222都通过EC 3.1.1.11、EC 3.2.1.82和EC 4.2.2.-酶共享果胶降解I途径，但不与任何枯草芽孢杆菌属物种共享此途径。总之，Dd18020显示出产生多种果胶酶的遗传潜力，这些果胶酶可能有利于家禽日粮中果胶的降解。然而，要使Dd18020成为家禽行业具有商业可行性的酶产生菌，还需要进一步开展研究来量化果胶酶的产量，并确定所产生的果胶酶在饲料制造过程中的稳定性。
